"Sterile Urine" and the Presence of Bacteria.
"Sterile Urine" and the Presence of Bacteria.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eururo.2015.02.041
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发表时间：
2015-08
期刊：
影响因子：
23.4
通讯作者：
Brubaker L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wolfe AJ;Brubaker L
现代临床医生将尿液中细菌的存在等同于感染，或者，较不常见的是，一种定义不清的现象，称为“无症状菌尿”。这些和其他现有的概念都是基于长期持有的“无菌尿液”范例。然而，最近在女性膀胱中发现了细菌群落(微生物区系)(Brubaker等人，2014年；Foutts等人，2012年；Hilt等人，2014；Khasya等人，2013；Lewis等人，2013；Nienhouse等人，2014；Pearce等人，2014；Siddiqui等人，2011；Wolfe等人，2012)。因此，“无菌尿液”的范例不再有效。女性尿路微生物区系(FUM)的这一新发现为我们提供了一个令人兴奋的机会来促进我们对膀胱健康和疾病的了解。临床医生和科学家必须重新评估他们关于下尿路疾病病因的假设。重新评估将有助于考虑预防和治疗这些鲜为人知的疾病的新方法。微生物区系和微生物组这两个术语现在才成为临床词典的一部分。这些术语有不同的含义，但通常可以互换使用。尿液微生物区系定义为存在于膀胱内的微生物，尿液微生物组是它们所有基因组的集合。
Modern clinicians have equated the presence of bacteria in urine with infection, or, less commonly, an ill-defined phenomenon termed “asymptomatic bacteriuria.” These and other existing concepts are based on the long-held “sterile urine” paradigm. Recently, however, bacterial communities (microbiota) have been discovered in the female bladder (Brubaker et al., 2014; Fouts et al., 2012; Hilt et al., 2014; Khasriya et al., 2013; Lewis et al., 2013; Nienhouse et al., 2014; Pearce et al., 2014; Siddiqui et al., 2011; Wolfe et al., 2012). Thus, the “sterile urine” paradigm is no longer valid. This new discovery of the female urinary microbiota (FUM) offers an exciting opportunity to advance our understanding of bladder health and disease. Clinicians and scientists must reassess their assumptions concerning the etiologies of lower urinary tract disorders. Reassessment will facilitate consideration of new approaches for prevention and treatment of these poorly understood disorders.The terms microbiota and microbiome are only now becoming part of the clinical lexicon. These terms have different meanings, yet are often used interchangeably. The urinary microbiota is defined as the microorganisms that exist within the bladder and the urinary microbiome is the collection of all their genomes.