Arabidopsis phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C2 (PLC2) is required for female gametogenesis and embryo development
Arabidopsis phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C2 (PLC2) is required for female gametogenesis and embryo development
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DOI：
10.1007/s00425-016-2634-z
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Laxalt, Ana M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Di Fino, Luciano M.;D'Ambrosio, Juan Martin;Laxalt, Ana M.
主要结论AtPLC 2是拟南芥中的一个必需基因，因为它是雌性配子发生和胚胎发育所必需的。AtPLC 2可能在胚囊发育和早期胚胎发生的细胞分裂过程中起重要作用，磷脂酰肌醇特异性磷脂酶C（PI-PLC）在植物发育过程中的信号转导和对各种生物和非生物胁迫的应答中起重要作用。拟南芥PI-PLC基因家族由9个成员组成，命名为PLC 1至PLC 9。在这里，我们报告PLC 2参与雌配子体发育和早期胚胎发生。利用两个表型不同的拟南芥等位T-DNA插入系，我们观察到雌配子体缺陷和异常胚。对于plc 2 -1突变体（Ws背景），在自花授粉植株的后代中不能回收纯合植株。尽管如此，plc 2 -1半合子突变体在雌性配子发生中受到影响，显示胚囊在早期发育阶段被阻止。等位半合子plc 2 -2突变体植物（Col-0背景）表现出结实减少，胚胎停滞在球状前阶段，细胞分裂模式异常。一个低比例（0.8%）的plc 2 -2纯合突变体被发现逃脱致死性，并显示形态缺陷和破坏巨配子发生。PLC 2启动子活性观察在早期巨配子发生，受精后在胚胎适当的。早期胚胎的免疫定位研究表明，PLC 2仅限于质膜。总之，这些结果建立了PLC 2在生殖和胚胎发育中的作用，可能是通过控制有丝分裂和/或细胞分裂平面的形成。
Main conclusion AtPLC2 is an essential gene in Arabidopsis, since it is required for female gametogenesis and embryo development. AtPLC2 might play a role in cell division during embryo-sac development and early embryogenesis.Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) plays an important role in signal transduction during plant development and in the response to various biotic- and abiotic stresses. The Arabidopsis PI-PLC gene family is composed of nine members, named PLC1 to PLC9. Here, we report that PLC2 is involved in female gametophyte development and early embryogenesis. Using two Arabidopsis allelic T-DNA insertion lines with different phenotypic penetrations, we observed both female gametophytic defects and aberrant embryos. For the plc2-1 mutant (Ws background), no homozygous plants could be recovered in the offspring from self-pollinated plants. Nonetheless, plc2-1 hemizygous mutants are affected in female gametogenesis, showing embryo sacs arrested at early developmental stages. Allelic hemizygous plc2-2 mutant plants (Col-0 background) present reduced seed set and embryos arrested at the pre-globular stage with abnormal patterns of cell division. A low proportion (0.8%) of plc2-2 homozygous mutants was found to escape lethality and showed morphological defects and disrupted megagametogenesis. PLC2-promoter activity was observed during early megagametogenesis, and after fertilization in the embryo proper. Immunolocalization studies in early stage embryos revealed that PLC2 is restricted to the plasma membrane. Altogether, these results establish a role for PLC2 in both reproductive- and embryo development, presumably by controlling mitosis and/or the formation of cell-division planes.