Water as Foe, Water as Friend
Water as Foe, Water as Friend
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水为敌，水为友
DOI：
10.1177/097317410600200102
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
K. Rudra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Chapman;K. Rudra
2000年9月，在一次好季风结束时和一次热带气旋风暴期间，孟加拉遭受了一次特别严重的洪水，造成1 500多人死亡。在西孟加拉，2 000多万人和孟加拉国300多万人失去了家园和几乎所有财产。本文探讨了灾难的不同经历，以及对其物理和社会原因的许多不同解释。它提出了这样一种观点，即自世纪中期以来在孟加拉发生的特定发展形式，即“标准”的公路-铁路和城市-工业模式，已经被移植到一个不适当的地理环境中。其结果是，城市部门将其成本转嫁给了农村穷人。在这种情况下，建议新的“开放政策”的洪水，也主张在世界其他地方，被认真考虑为更合适和可持续的孟加拉。
In September 2000 at the end of a good monsoon and during a tropical cyclonic storm, Bengal suffered a particularly severe flood in which more than 1,500 people died. In West Bengal more than 20 million people and in Bangladesh more than 3 million lost their homes and virtually all of their possessions. This paper explores different experiences of the disaster, and many differing explanations of its causes, both physical and social. It proposes the idea that the specific form of development that has taken place in Bengal since the mid nineteenth century, the ‘standard’ road–rail and urban–industrial model, has been transplanted into an inappropriate geographical setting. The result is that the urban sector has externalised its costs onto the rural poor. In this context it is suggested that the new ‘open policy’ on floods, also advocated elsewhere in the world, be seriously considered as more appropriate and sustainable for Bengal.