Potential Links between Hepadnavirus and Bornavirus Sequences in the Host Genome and Cancer.
Potential Links between Hepadnavirus and Bornavirus Sequences in the Host Genome and Cancer.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2017.02537
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Honda T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Honda T
各种病毒在感染过程中会在宿主基因组中留下它们的序列。这些事件主要发生在逆转录病毒感染中，但有时也发生在DNA和非逆转录病毒RNA病毒感染中。如果病毒序列被整合到生殖细胞的基因组中，则该序列可以作为内源性病毒元件（EV）被遗传。病毒序列的整合事件可能具有致癌潜力。由于一些逆转录病毒的前病毒整合和/或内源性逆转录病毒的再活化与癌症密切相关，与非逆转录病毒相关的病毒插入也可能有助于癌症的发展。这篇文章的重点是基因组病毒序列来自两个非逆转录病毒，其内源化已经报道，并讨论了他们可能的贡献癌症。B型肝炎病毒的病毒插入在肝细胞癌的发展中起作用。内源性博尔纳病毒样元件是人类基因组中发现的唯一非逆转录病毒RNA病毒相关的EVE，也可能参与癌症形成。此外，病毒和逆转录转座子之间的相互作用，这似乎是一个主要的驱动力，产生与非逆转录病毒RNA病毒相关的EVE，癌症的可能贡献将进行讨论。关于本文所述可能联系的未来研究可能为开发肿瘤病毒相关癌症的新型治疗方法开辟新途径和/或提供对EVE功能的新见解。
Various viruses leave their sequences in the host genomes during infection. Such events occur mainly in retrovirus infection but also sometimes in DNA and non-retroviral RNA virus infections. If viral sequences are integrated into the genomes of germ line cells, the sequences can become inherited as endogenous viral elements (EVEs). The integration events of viral sequences may have oncogenic potential. Because proviral integrations of some retroviruses and/or reactivation of endogenous retroviruses are closely linked to cancers, viral insertions related to non-retroviral viruses also possibly contribute to cancer development. This article focuses on genomic viral sequences derived from two non-retroviral viruses, whose endogenization is already reported, and discusses their possible contributions to cancer. Viral insertions of hepatitis B virus play roles in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Endogenous bornavirus-like elements, the only non-retroviral RNA virus-related EVEs found in the human genome, may also be involved in cancer formation. In addition, the possible contribution of the interactions between viruses and retrotransposons, which seem to be a major driving force for generating EVEs related to non-retroviral RNA viruses, to cancers will be discussed. Future studies regarding the possible links described here may open a new avenue for the development of novel therapeutics for tumor virus-related cancers and/or provide novel insights into EVE functions.