Is there Something Wrong with Intelligence in France? The Birth of the Modern Secret State
Is there Something Wrong with Intelligence in France? The Birth of the Modern Secret State
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法国情报有问题吗？
DOI：
10.1080/02684527.2013.789634
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
S. Laurent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Laurent
法国学术界对情报缺乏兴趣，部分解释了许多关于法国情报的先入为主的观念盛行。本文讨论了十九世纪法国情报机构的缓慢建设，作为现代法国国家研究的一部分。此时，多个情报官僚机构的出现改变了情报实践。文章研究了发展的三个维度——非正式实践、正式组织和法定规则——展示了情报与政治的密切关系。这样做表明情报不仅需要被视为决策工具，而且还需要被视为现代法国国家中心的参与者，是其本质的一部分。
The lack of academic interest in intelligence in France partly explains the prevalence of many preconceived ideas about French Intelligence. This article deals with the slow building of France's intelligence machinery in the nineteenth century, as part of a study of the modern French State. At this time, intelligence practices were transformed by the appearance of several intelligence bureaucracies. Studying three dimensions of the development – informal practices, formal organizations and statutory rules – the article demonstrates the closeness of intelligence to politics. Doing so it suggests that intelligence needs to be considered not only as an instrument of policy-making but as an actor at the centre of the modern French state, a part of its very essence.