Biomechanics and strain mapping in bone as related to immediately-loaded dental implants.
Biomechanics and strain mapping in bone as related to immediately-loaded dental implants.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.05.014
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发表时间：
2015-09-18
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Ho SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Du J;Lee JH;Jang AT;Gu A;Hossaini-Zadeh M;Prevost R;Curtis DA;Ho SP
研究了牙槽骨槽骨几何形状和骨-种植体接触对种植体生物力学的影响，以及由此产生的骨中应变分布。在尸体下颌骨上拔除侧切牙后，立即放置种植体，测量骨-种植体接触面积、稳定性和骨应变。结合微型X射线显微镜（μ-XRM）的原位生物力学测试表明，与骨-牙周膜（PDL）-牙齿复合体（791-913 N/mm）相比，骨-种植体复合体（701-822 N/mm）的刚度较小。X线断层扫描显示，刚度降低的原因是骨-植入物接触减少和有限。通过能量色散X射线光谱（EDS）确定骨的异质元素组成。本研究的新方面是应用一种新的实验力学方法，即数字体积相关性，它允许映射与加载种植体接触的牙槽骨体积中的应变。根据骨-种植体几何形状、骨质量、种植体放置和种植体设计，确定的表面和表面下应变集中是通过骨-种植体接触转移到骨的载荷的表现。3D应变图表明，应变集中不仅限于骨-植入物接触区域，还延伸到不与植入物直接接触的骨中。所观察到的应变浓度的影响进行了讨论的机械生物学的背景下。尽管提供了即刻种植体治疗的手术并发症的合理解释，但只有通过对更多尸体标本和/或体内小规模动物模型的未来系统研究才能保证结果的外推。
The effects of alveolar bone socket geometry and bone-implant contact on implant biomechanics, and resulting strain distributions in bone were investigated. Following extraction of lateral incisors on a cadaver mandible, immediate implants were placed and bone-implant contact area, stability and bone strain were measured. In situ biomechanical testing coupled with micro X-ray microscope (μ-XRM) illustrated less stiff bone-implant complexes (701-822 N/mm) compared with bone-periodontal ligament (PDL)-tooth complexes (791-913 N/mm). X-ray tomograms illustrated that the cause of reduced stiffness was due to reduced and limited bone-implant contact. Heterogeneous elemental composition of bone was identified by using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The novel aspect of this study was the application of a new experimental mechanics method, that is, digital volume correlation, which allowed mapping of strains in volumes of alveolar bone in contact with a loaded implant. The identified surface and subsurface strain concentrations were a manifestation of load transferred to bone through bone-implant contact based on bone-implant geometry, quality of bone, implant placement, and implant design. 3D strain mapping indicated that strain concentrations are not exclusive to the bone-implant contact regions, but also extend into bone not directly in contact with the implant. The implications of the observed strain concentrations are discussed in the context of mechanobiology. Although a plausible explanation of surgical complications for immediate implant treatment is provided, extrapolation of results is only warranted by future systematic studies on more cadaver specimens and/or in vivo small scale animal models.