Clonal reproduction by males and females in the little fire ant
Clonal reproduction by males and females in the little fire ant
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DOI：
10.1038/nature03705
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发表时间：
2005-06-30
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Keller, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fournier, D;Estoup, A;Keller, L
有性生殖会导致两性之间和基因组内部的重大冲突（1-4）。在这里，我们报告一个极端的情况下，这种冲突的小火蚁Wasmannia auropunctata。我们发现不育的工蜂是通过正常的有性生殖产生的，而雌蜂则是无性繁殖产生的。由于蚂蚁和其他单倍二倍体物种的雄性通常是从未受精的母卵发育而来的，因此它们通常只能通过二倍体雌性后代实现直接的适应性。因此，虽然克隆生产的皇后增加了皇后的相关性生殖女儿，它可能会减少男性生殖成功为零。基因分析显示，雄性克隆繁殖，很可能是通过消除二倍体卵子中的母系一半基因组来实现的，这显然是对两性之间冲突的回应。因此，所有的儿子都有与父亲相同的核基因组。专性克隆生产的男性和皇后从同一性别的个体有效地导致完全分离的男性和女性的基因库。这些发现表明，单倍二倍体性别决定系统为特殊遗传系统和新型性冲突的进化提供了基础。
Sexual reproduction can lead to major conflicts between sexes and within genomes(1-4). Here we report an extreme case of such conflicts in the little fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. We found that sterile workers are produced by normal sexual reproduction, whereas daughter queens are invariably clonally produced. Because males usually develop from unfertilized maternal eggs in ants and other haplodiploid species, they normally achieve direct fitness only through diploid female offspring. Hence, although the clonal production of queens increases the queen's relatedness to reproductive daughters, it potentially reduces male reproductive success to zero. In an apparent response to this conflict between sexes, genetic analyses reveal that males reproduce clonally, most likely by eliminating the maternal half of the genome in diploid eggs. As a result, all sons have nuclear genomes identical to those of their father. The obligate clonal production of males and queens from individuals of the same sex effectively results in a complete separation of the male and female gene pools. These findings show that the haplodiploid sex-determination system provides grounds for the evolution of extraordinary genetic systems and new types of sexual conflict.