Tag-based estimates of bottlenose dolphin swimming behavior and energetics.
Tag-based estimates of bottlenose dolphin swimming behavior and energetics.
复制标题
基于标签的宽吻海豚游泳行为和能量学估计。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
K. A. Shorter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joaquin Gabaldon;Ding Zhang;J. Rocho;M. Moore;J. M. van der Hoop;Kira Barton;K. A. Shorter
目前对海洋哺乳动物水动力的估计往往是使用基于相机的运动学数据来进行规定的游泳任务期间有限数量的侥幸动作。相比之下，生物记录标签数据可从数千次划水中产生运动学测量结果，从而为游泳行为和力学提供新的见解。然而，基于标签的机械功和功率估计有限。在这项工作中，我们利用标签测量运动学和流体动力学模型来研究宽吻海豚 (Tursiops truncatus) 的游泳行为，以估计推进力、做功和运输成本。在规定的直线游泳试验中收集了六只动物的运动数据，以研究一系列持续速度（1.9 - 6.1 m/s）下的游泳力学。在总共 282 次试验中，推进功率范围为 66 W - 3.8 kW。在单圈试验中，海豚在减轻波浪阻力的深度游泳，从而减少了这些中高速任务的整体阻力。还收集了四个人在白天（08:30 - 18:00）无指导游泳期间的数据，以检查如何使用自我选择的运动策略来调节能量效率和努力。总体而言，自我选择的游泳速度（个体平均值范围为 1.0 - 1.96 m/s）倾向于最大限度地降低运输成本，并且处于文献报道的动物偏好速度的较低范围内。结果表明，这些海豚通过速度和深度调节的结合来调节推进力和效率。这项工作为海豚在规定任务和自选游泳中的游泳行为提供了新的见解，并为持续估计野生动物的机械功和动力提供了一条前进的道路。
Current estimates of marine mammal hydrodynamic forces tend to be made using camera-based kinematic data for a limited number of fluke strokes during a prescribed swimming task. In contrast, biologging tag data yields kinematic measurements from thousands of strokes, enabling new insights into swimming behavior and mechanics. However, there have been limited tag-based estimates of mechanical work and power. In this work, we investigate bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) swimming behavior using tag-measured kinematics and a hydrodynamic model to estimate propulsive power, work, and cost of transport. Movement data were collected from six animals during prescribed straight-line swimming trials to investigate swimming mechanics over a range of sustained speeds (1.9 - 6.1 m/s). Propulsive powers ranged from 66 W - 3.8 kW over 282 total trials. During the lap trials, the dolphins swam at depths that mitigated wave drag, reducing overall drag throughout these mid-to-high-speed tasks. Data were also collected from four individuals during undirected daytime (08:30 - 18:00) swimming to examine how self-selected movement strategies are used to modulate energetic efficiency and effort. Overall self-selected swimming speeds (individual means ranging from 1.0 - 1.96 m/s) tended to minimize cost of transport, and were on the lower range of animal-preferred speeds reported in literature. The results indicate that these dolphins moderate propulsive effort and efficiency through a combination of speed and depth regulation. This work provides new insights into dolphin swimming behavior in both prescribed tasks and self-selected swimming, and presents a path forward for continuous estimates of mechanical work and power from wild animals.