Driving With Hemianopia: IV. Head Scanning and Detection at Intersections in a Simulator
Driving With Hemianopia: IV. Head Scanning and Detection at Intersections in a Simulator
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DOI：
10.1167/iovs.13-12748
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Peli, Eli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowers, Alex R.;Ananyev, Egor;Peli, Eli
目的.使用驾驶模拟器，我们研究了同向偏盲（HH）对交叉路口头部扫描行为的影响，并评估了头部扫描不足在检测失败中的作用。14名患有完全HH且没有认知下降或视觉忽视的人和12名视力正常（NV）的当前驾驶员参加了研究。他们在城市环境中按照预定的路线行驶，其中包括多个十字路口。头部扫描行为在T形交叉点（n = 32）用停止或屈服标志进行量化。参与者还执行了行人检测任务。在10个交叉口检查头部扫描和检测之间的关系。对于HH驾驶员，第一次扫描更有可能是对盲人比看到半野。与NV驾驶员相比，他们对盲侧进行头部扫描的比例也更大（P = 0.003）。而HH组的头部扫描幅度小于NV组（P < 0.001）。HH驾驶员对盲侧行人的检测受损，这是由于没有在行人的方向上扫描或扫描幅度不足（在交叉口的最左边和最右边，左HH检测到仅46%，右HH检测到8%）。HH的驾驶员表现出补偿性头部扫描模式，但不是扫描幅度。不充分的扫描导致盲侧检测失败，这可能会使HH驾驶员在十字路口发生碰撞的风险增加。针对本研究中确定的特定问题领域进行扫描培训可能是有益的。
PURPOSE. Using a driving simulator, we examined the effects of homonymous hemianopia (HH) on head scanning behaviors at intersections and evaluated the role of inadequate head scanning in detection failures.METHODS. Fourteen people with complete HH and without cognitive decline or visual neglect and 12 normally sighted (NV) current drivers participated. They drove in an urban environment following predetermined routes, which included multiple intersections. Head scanning behaviors were quantified at T-intersections (n = 32) with a stop or yield sign. Participants also performed a pedestrian detection task. The relationship between head scanning and detection was examined at 10 intersections.RESULTS. For HH drivers, the first scan was more likely to be toward the blind than the seeing hemifield. They also made a greater proportion of head scans overall to the blind side than did the NV drivers to the corresponding side (P = 0.003). However, head scan magnitudes of HH drivers were smaller than those of the NV group (P < 0.001). Drivers with HH had impaired detection of blind-side pedestrians due either to not scanning in the direction of the pedestrian or to an insufficient scan magnitude (left HH detected only 46% and right HH 8% at the extreme left and right of the intersection, respectively).CONCLUSIONS. Drivers with HH demonstrated compensatory head scan patterns, but not scan magnitudes. Inadequate scanning resulted in blind-side detection failures, which might place HH drivers at increased risk for collisions at intersections. Scanning training tailored to specific problem areas identified in this study might be beneficial.