Evaluation of a filtration-based method for detecting Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in natural bodies of water
Evaluation of a filtration-based method for detecting Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in natural bodies of water
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DOI：
10.3354/dao02423
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发表时间：
2012-01-24
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Collins, James P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hyman, Oliver J.;Collins, James P.
传染病正在成为对野生动物的重大威胁。由此增加的监测野生动物疾病的努力正在推动创新性病原体监测技术的发展，包括许多基于聚合酶链反应（PCR）的诊断方法。尽管这些基于pcr的技术具有实用性，但它们在准确检测自然界中目标病原体的能力方面仍有很多需要学习的地方。通过对20个池塘的4次重复过滤取样结果与每个池塘约60只斑伪蛙的皮肤拭子取样结果进行比较，评估了基于pcr的水过滤技术检测直接传播的水生真菌病原体水蛭壶菌（Bd）的诊断敏感性。根据采样时间的不同，过滤器未能在31 - 77%的拭子阳性池塘中检测到Bd。然而，经过3次重复采样事件后，过滤小体积水（约600毫升）正确识别出94%的用拭子检测出Bd阳性的池塘，最高的检出率发生在繁殖后但幼虫达到蜕变之前。我们的结果是一个案例研究，证明了从水中检测水生微生物病原体Bd的时间和重新采样的重要性。这将是一种有用的监测Bd的技术，但需要更多的数据来测试我们的发现在多大程度上是物种或种群特异性的。未来的研究需要检验这种技术在其他栖息地和生物宿主物种中的敏感性。这些研究将有助于开发具有成本效益的监测机制，以监测生物多样性病和潜在的其他水生病原体。
Infectious diseases are emerging as a significant threat to wildlife. The resulting increased effort to monitor wildlife diseases is driving the development of innovative pathogen monitoring techniques, including many polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostics. Despite the utility of these PCR-based techniques, there is still much to be learned about their ability to accurately detect target pathogens in nature. We assessed the diagnostic sensitivity of a PCR-based water filtration technique to detect the directly transmitted aquatic fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) by comparing the results of 4 repeated filter sampling events from 20 ponds to those of skin swabs from ca. 60 boreal chorus frogs Pseudacris maculata from each pond. Filters failed to detect Bd in 31 to 77% of the swab-positive ponds, depending on the time of sampling. However, after 3 repeated sampling events, filtration of small volumes of water (ca. 600 ml) correctly identified 94% of the ponds that tested Bd positive with swabbing, with the highest rates of detection occurring after breeding but before larvae reached metamorphosis. Our results are a case study demonstrating the importance of timing and resampling for the detection of an aquatic microbial pathogen, Bd, from water. This will be a useful technique for monitoring Bd, but additional data are needed to test the degree to which our findings are species or population specific. Future studies need to examine the sensitivity of this technique in other habitats and species that host Bd. These studies will aid in the development of cost-effective monitoring regimes for Bd and potentially other aquatic pathogens.