Nodal induces sequential restriction of germ cell factors during primordial germ cell specification
Nodal induces sequential restriction of germ cell factors during primordial germ cell specification
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DOI：
10.1242/dev.155663
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Wessel, Gary M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fresques, Tara M.;Wessel, Gary M.
指定生殖细胞谱系是动物有性繁殖所必需的。生殖细胞指定的机制因动物不同而不同，但大致分为遗传或诱导机制。诱导机制，即利用细胞-细胞相互作用来指定生殖细胞，似乎是动物系统发育的祖先机制，但负责这一过程的途径直到最近才浮出水面。在这里，我们发现海星的生殖细胞因子最初广泛存在，然后在背部受到限制，然后在胚胎的左侧，在那里生殖细胞形成一个后部肠腔。我们发现，在这种动物的早期发育中，Nodal信号是两种生殖细胞因子Nanos和Vasa的限制所必需的。我们了解到，Nodal通过三种方式抑制生殖细胞因子的积累，包括：抑制特定转录、特定mRNAs的降解和抑制组织形态发生。这些结果证明了生殖细胞因子顺序限制所需的信号机制，该机制导致一组特定的胚胎细胞成为原始生殖细胞。
Specification of the germ cell lineage is required for sexual reproduction in animals. The mechanism of germ cell specification varies among animals but roughly clusters into either inherited or inductive mechanisms. The inductive mechanism, the use of cell-cell interactions for germ cell specification, appears to be the ancestral mechanism in animal phylogeny, yet the pathways responsible for this process are only recently surfacing. Here, we show that germ cell factors in the sea star initially are present broadly, then become restricted dorsally and then in the left side of the embryo where the germ cells form a posterior enterocoel. We find that Nodal signaling is required for the restriction of two germ cell factors, Nanos and Vasa, during the early development of this animal. We learned that Nodal inhibits germ cell factor accumulation in three ways including: inhibition of specific transcription, degradation of specific mRNAs and inhibition of tissue morphogenesis. These results document a signaling mechanism required for the sequential restriction of germ cell factors, which causes a specific set of embryonic cells to become the primordial germ cells.