Targeting bromodomain and extraterminal proteins in breast cancer.

Targeting bromodomain and extraterminal proteins in breast cancer.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.phrs.2017.11.015
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发表时间:
2018-03
影响因子:
9.3
通讯作者:
Keri RA
Keri RA
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sahni JM;Keri RA

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乳腺癌是由独特的基因表达谱驱动的不同肿瘤亚型的集合。这些转录组受各种表观遗传标记的控制,这些标记决定了哪些基因被表达和抑制。在致癌过程中,表观基因组发生了广泛的重构,包括异常的乙酰化、甲基化模式的改变以及表观遗传读码器在癌基因上的积累。由于表观遗传改变是可逆的,表观基因组调节药物可以提供一种同时沉默众多癌基因的机制。在此,我们综述了表观遗传读码器中含溴结构域和额外末端(BET)家族抑制剂在乳腺癌中的影响。这些药物,包括典型的BET抑制剂JQ1,已被证明在几种乳腺癌亚型的模型中能抑制多种致癌途径,同时产生极小的(如果有的话)毒性。BET抑制剂还与多种已批准的抗癌药物协同作用,在乳腺癌细胞系和小鼠模型中比单一药物产生更大的反应。这里所讨论的研究的综合结果为继续研究BET抑制剂在乳腺癌中的效用提供了极好的理论依据。
Breast cancer is a collection of distinct tumor subtypes that are driven by unique gene expression profiles. These transcriptomes are controlled by various epigenetic marks that dictate which genes are expressed and suppressed. During carcinogenesis, extensive restructuring of the epigenome occurs, including aberrant acetylation, alteration of methylation patterns, and accumulation of epigenetic readers at oncogenes. As epigenetic alterations are reversible, epigenome-modulating drugs could provide a mechanism to silence numerous oncogenes simultaneously. Here, we review the impact of inhibitors of the Bromodomain and Extraterminal (BET) family of epigenetic readers in breast cancer. These agents, including the prototypical BET inhibitor JQ1, have been shown to suppress a variety of oncogenic pathways while inducing minimal, if any, toxicity in models of several subtypes of breast cancer. BET inhibitors also synergize with multiple approved anti-cancer drugs, providing a greater response in breast cancer cell lines and mouse models than either single agent. The combined findings of the studies discussed here provide an excellent rationale for the continued investigation of the utility of BET inhibitors in breast cancer.
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