Community-level age bias and older adult mortality.
Community-level age bias and older adult mortality.
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社区层面的年龄偏差和老年人死亡率。
DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115449
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Reid,AlleciaE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kellogg,AlexanderJ;Hancock,DavidW;Cho,GraceY;Reid,AlleciaE
随着老年人口的增加，了解对老年人的偏见对健康的影响越来越重要。年龄偏差的结构形式是否预测更差的健康受到了有限的关注。我们假设，年龄偏差较大的社区65岁及以上居民的死亡率较高。我们预计这种关联是年龄偏见所独有的，而不是一般偏见（即，性少数和种族偏见），年龄偏见，死亡率协会将是最强的主要是白色和年轻community.MethodsExplicit和内隐的态度，对老年人（N= 1，001，735），性少数（N= 791，966），和美国黑人（N= 2，255，808）来自项目隐含。执行相对于美国人口普查人口统计的后分层，以提高县级显式和隐式偏倚估计的代表性。县老年人死亡率，估计横截面和纵向相对偏差分数，作为结果。控制相关县级协变量的模型（例如，结果与假设相反，但与先前的研究结果一致，明确的年龄偏差在横截面和纵向上与较低的死亡率、超过和超过协变量以及广义社区偏差相关。明确的年龄偏差，低死亡率协会只出现在年轻的县，但不依赖于县的民族组成。内隐年龄偏差与结果无关。事后分析支持，年龄歧视社区可能与整个生命周期的更好健康有关。明确的年龄偏见预测在青年和中年死亡率较低，更好的心理健康在中年，但不锻炼或自我评价的健康，介导的明确的年龄偏见，老年人死亡率association.ConclusionsResults突出的独特性，老年人相对于其他污名化的身份。进一步研究社区一级的年龄偏见与更好的健康之间的关系可能会改善所有社区的寿命。
RationaleAs the older adult population increases, understanding the health effects of bias against older adults is increasingly important. Whether structural forms of age bias predict worse health has received limited attention.ObjectiveWe hypothesized that communities with greater age bias would have higher mortality among residents aged 65 and older. We expected the association to be unique to age bias, rather than general bias (i.e., sexual minority and racial bias), and that the age bias-mortality association would be strongest in predominantly White and younger communities.MethodsExplicit and implicit attitudes toward older adults (N= 1,001,735), sexual minorities (N= 791,966), and Black Americans (N= 2,255,808) were drawn from Project Implicit. Post-stratification relative to U.S. Census demographics was executed to improve the representativeness of county-level explicit and implicit bias estimates. County older adult mortality, estimated cross-sectionally with and longitudinally relative to bias scores, served as outcomes. Models controlled for relevant county-level covariates (e.g., median age) and included all U.S. counties (N= 3142).ResultsContrary to hypotheses but consistent with prior work, explicit age bias was cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated withlowermortality, over and above covariates and generalized community bias. The explicit age bias-lower mortality association only emerged in younger counties but did not depend on county ethnic composition. Implicit age bias was unassociated with outcomes. Post-hoc analyses supported that ageist communities may be associated with better health across the lifespan. Explicit age bias predicted lower mortality in young and middle adulthood; better mental health in middle adulthood, but not exercise or self-rated health, mediated the explicit age bias-older adult mortality association.ConclusionsResults highlight the uniqueness of older age relative to other stigmatized identities. Further examination of the association of community-level age bias with better health may improve longevity for all communities.