Poverty, Inequality, and the Local Natural Resource Curse
Poverty, Inequality, and the Local Natural Resource Curse
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贫困、不平等和当地自然资源诅咒
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
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通讯作者：
Jamele Rigolini
中科院分区：
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作者：
Norman V. Loayza;Alfredo Mier y Teran;Jamele Rigolini
当地社区从初级商品繁荣中获益的程度受到了广泛的调查，但没有结果。本文利用一个新的区级数据库，调查当地的影响，社会经济成果的采矿活动在秘鲁，这在过去的二十年中增长了近二十倍。作者发现，有证据表明，生产区的平均生活水平高于其他类似地区：家庭消费更大，贫困率更低，识字率更高。然而，采矿的积极影响随着与矿山的行政和地理距离的增加而显著减少，而在属于生产省份的所有地区，地区一级的消费不平等现象都在增加。采矿活动在各区之间和各区之内造成的不平等影响，可能是该国社会目前对采矿活动不满的部分原因，尽管采矿活动收入巨大。
The extent to which local communities benefit from commodity booms has been subject to wide but inconclusive investigations. This paper draws from a new district-level database to investigate the local impact on socioeconomic outcomes of mining activity in Peru, which grew almost twentyfold in the last two decades. The authors find evidence that producing districts have better average living standards than otherwise similar districts: larger household consumption, lower poverty rate, and higher literacy. However, the positive impacts from mining decrease significantly with administrative and geographic distance from the mine, while district-level consumption inequality increases in all districts belonging to a producing province. The inequalizing impact of mining activity, both across and within districts, may explain part of the current social discontent with mining activities in the country, even despite its enormous revenues.