In Their Own Words: Explaining Obedience to Authority Through an Examination of Participants' Comments
In Their Own Words: Explaining Obedience to Authority Through an Examination of Participants' Comments
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DOI：
10.1177/1948550610397632
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Manning, Caroline C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Burger, Jerry M.;Girgis, Zackary M.;Manning, Caroline C.
作者检查了在复制米尔格拉姆的服从研究过程中产生的数据，以解决这些研究中一些挥之不去的问题。在研究1中，评委对参与者在实验和汇报过程中的评论进行编码。拒绝遵循实验者指示的参与者比遵循实验者指示的参与者更有可能表现出个人责任感。那些表达了对学习者健康的关心的参与者比那些没有表达这种关心的参与者表现出更大的不愿意继续这个过程。然而，参与者是否表达对学习者的关心与他们最终是否继续这个过程无关。研究二观察了参与者对实验者的四种刺激的反应。实验者沿着刺激序列走得越远，参与者继续这个过程的可能性就越小。这种模式挑战了基于参与者服从命令的概念的服从研究的解释。
The authors examined data generated during a replication of Milgram's obedience studies to address some lingering questions about those studies. In Study 1, judges coded comments participants made during experimental and debriefing sessions. Participants who refused to follow the experimenter's instructions were significantly more likely to express a sense of personal responsibility than those who followed the instructions. Participants who expressed concern for the well-being of the learner exhibited a greater reluctance to continue the procedure than did those not expressing this concern. However, whether participants expressed concern for the learner was not related to whether they ultimately continued the procedure. Study 2 looked at participants' reactions to each of the experimenter's four prods. The further along the prod sequence the experimenter went, the less likely participants were to continue the procedure. This pattern challenges interpretations of the obedience studies based on the notion that participants were following orders.