Rapid expansion of the American mink poses a serious threat to the European mink in Spain
Rapid expansion of the American mink poses a serious threat to the European mink in Spain
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DOI：
10.1515/mammalia-2017-0013
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Gomez, Asuncion
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Podra, Madis;Gomez, Asuncion
美国水貂 (Neovison vison) 于 20 年代被引入欧洲用于毛皮养殖，此后由于逃逸或故意释放到野外而形成了野生种群。如今，该物种广泛分布在非洲大陆的大部分地区，被认为是欧洲水貂（Mustela lutreola）灭绝的主要原因。在西班牙，第一批美洲水貂种群于 20 世纪 80 年代形成，此后其活动范围不断扩大。我们根据文献中有关美洲水貂分布的报告描述了美洲水貂的扩张过程，特别关注其与本土濒临灭绝的欧洲水貂的分布日益重叠。 27年来（1985-2012），西班牙非本土水貂的分布面积增加了17倍，年均增量16.5%，种群间没有显着差异。到2012年，西班牙大陆四分之一的地区被美洲水貂占领，欧洲水貂三分之一的分布区域也证实了其存在。过去几年，西班牙本土水貂的状况急剧恶化，需要采取紧急保护措施来阻止美洲水貂的进一步蔓延。
The American mink (Neovison vison) was introduced in Europe for fur farming in the 1920s and feral populations were formed due to escapes or intentional releases to the wild thereafter. Nowadays, the species is widely distributed across much of the continent, and is considered the main cause of extinction of the European mink (Mustela lutreola). In Spain, the first populations of the American mink were formed in the 1980s and since then a continuous expansion in their range has been observed. We describe the expansion process of the American mink based on reports of its distribution in the literature, focusing particularly on its increasing overlap with the distribution of the native, endangered European mink. Over the 27 years (1985-2012), the distribution area of non-native mink in Spain increased by 17 times, with an average annual increment of 16.5% and no significant variation among populations. By 2012, a quarter of continental Spain was occupied by the American mink and its presence was confirmed in one-third of the distribution area of the European mink. The status of native mink has worsened drastically in Spain over the last years and urgent conservation measures are required to stop further spread of the American mink.