Hydrological consequences of land use change: A review of the state-of-science
Hydrological consequences of land use change: A review of the state-of-science
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土地利用变化的水文后果：科学现状回顾
DOI：
10.1029/153gm03
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. N. Eshleman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. N. Eshleman
森林砍伐、农业化、城市化、湿地排水和其他几种土地使用变化的速度随着人口的增长而加快。近半个世纪以来，水文学家们已经认识到，这种土地利用变化可以在研究地块、山坡和小型实验集水区的尺度上对水文过程产生重大影响。土地利用变化的水文后果不仅对学术水文学家和生态学家感兴趣，而且对实践土木工程师至关重要。在世纪初，这些研究越来越多地被纳入多尺度分析，用于解决科学和管理问题的景观，河流流域和区域尺度。水文数据收集、分析和建模方面的重大技术发展，以及利用遥感器观测和量化土地利用和土地覆盖变化的新能力，正在支持这些努力。在这一章中，我（1）总结了各种科学方法，已被用来确定土地利用变化的水文效应：（2）审查的科学状态方面的理解几种不同类型的土地利用变化对水文过程的影响;和（3）确定与使用特定方法学和改进理解、检测、量化有关的关键研究问题，和预测特定土地利用变化的水文后果。
Rates of deforestation, agriculturalization, urbanization, wetland drainage, and several other types of land use change have accelerated as a function of the growth of human populations. Hydrologists have recognized for nearly a half century that such land use changes can substantially affect hydrological processes at the scale of the research plot, the hillslope, and the small experimental catchment. The hydrological consequences of land use change are of interest not only to the academic hydrologist and ecologist, but they are of critical importance to the practicing civil engineer. At the beginning of the 21st century, these studies are increasingly being incorporated into multi-scale analyses used to address both scientific and management questions at landscape, river basin, and regional scales. Such efforts are being supported by major technological developments in collecting, analyzing, and modeling hydrological data, as well as new capabilities for observing and quantifying land use and land cover changes using remote sensors. In this chapter, I(1) summarize various scientific methods that have been used to determine the hydrological effects of land use change; (2) review the state-of-science with respect to understanding the effects of several different types of land use change on hydrological processes; and (3) identify key research issues related to uses of specific methodologies and to improved understanding, detection, quantification, and prediction of the hydrological consequences of specific land use changes.