Costs and benefits of mosquito refractoriness to malaria parasites: Implications for genetic variability of mosquitoes and genetic control of malaria
Costs and benefits of mosquito refractoriness to malaria parasites: Implications for genetic variability of mosquitoes and genetic control of malaria
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DOI：
10.2307/2411116
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发表时间：
1997-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Christensen, BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan, G;Severson, DW;Christensen, BM
与宿主抗寄生相关的适应成本问题与寄生虫毒力的进化、种群遗传多样性和宿主-寄生虫关系的动态有关，并提出了通过蚊子载体的遗传操纵来控制疾病的策略。从MOYO - in - dry菌株（MOYO）中通过近亲繁殖（F = 0.5）选择了2个埃及伊蚊种群，这2个种群对鸡状疟原虫（Plasmodium gallinaceum）具有抗性和敏感性。比较了两种群的繁殖成功率和存活率，并评估了寄生虫对蚊子适合度的影响。研究的健康成分包括繁殖力、成虫存活率、卵到成虫的发育时间、血粉大小和成虫体型。难耐种群从卵到成虫的发育时间明显较短，体型较小，摄取较少的血粉，因此产卵量少于易感种群。难治性人群的平均寿命明显短于易感人群。暴露于该寄生虫对两个种群的存活率和繁殖力几乎没有影响。有几个因素可能导致难治性种群的适应度降低，包括奠基者效应、近交抑制、与难治性基因相关的其他未表征基因的影响，以及与这些基因相关的多效性效应。研究结果与自然蚊子种群的遗传多样性及其对疟疾遗传控制的意义有关。
The problem of fitness costs associated with host resistance to parasitism is related to the evolution of parasite virulence, population genetic diversity and the dynamics of host-parasite relationships, and proposed strategies for disease control through the genetic manipulation of mosquito vectors. Two Aedes aegypti populations, refractory and susceptible to Plasmodium gallinaceum, were previously selected from the Moyo-In-Dry strain (MOYO) through inbreeding (F = 0.5). Reproductive success and survivorship of the two populations were compared, and the influence of the parasite on mosquito fitness also was evaluated. Fitness components studied include fecundity, adult survivorship and egg-to-adult developmental time, blood-meal size, and adult body size. The refractory population has a significantly shorter egg-to-adult developmental time and a smaller body size, takes a smaller blood meal, and subsequently lays fewer eggs than the susceptible population. The mean longevity of the refractory population is significantly shorter than the susceptible population. Exposure to the parasite exhibited little effect on the survivorship and fecundity of either population. Several factors may contribute to the lower fitness of the refractory population, including founder effect, inbreeding depression, the effect of other uncharacterized genes linked to genes conferring refractoriness, and pleiotropic effects associated with these genes. The results are discussed in relation to the genetic diversity of natural mosquito populations and their implications for the genetic control of malaria.