Hailing a change: comparing taxi and ridehail service quality in Los Angeles
Hailing a change: comparing taxi and ridehail service quality in Los Angeles
复制标题
欢呼变化：比较洛杉矶的出租车和网约车服务质量
DOI：
10.1007/s11116-020-10086-z
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Whitney LaValle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anne E. Brown;Whitney LaValle
几十年来，出租车一直提供出租车辆服务，没有来自其他交通工具的重大竞争。但在2012年，优步和Lyft等叫车服务颠覆了出租车业务模式，通过智能手机应用将乘客与司机联系起来。自那以后，很少有研究考虑出租车与新竞争对手的比较，或者这两种模式的服务质量有何不同。我们使用洛杉矶一项审计研究中收集的1680次叫车和出租车出行数据来问：服务质量--包括出行价格、可靠性和责任感--在叫车(Uber和Lyft)和出租车之间有何不同？我们发现，对于相同的始发地和目的地，网约车用户支付的费用比出租车低40%，等待时间约为出租车的四分之一。此外，网约车几乎保证了一次乘车，而大约五分之一的出租车乘客从未被搭载。我们利用对频繁的出租车和网约车用户的半结构化访谈来检验对不同模式观察到的明显数量差异的潜在解释。调查结果显示，尽管技术颠覆，出行者仍然优先考虑交通服务的长期原则：可负担性、可靠性和责任感。叫车服务成功地实施了技术，以满足这些乘客的优先考虑，而出租车在很大程度上未能利用新技术。研究结果表明，如果出租车希望与叫车服务竞争，它们需要做的不仅仅是降低价格或增加车辆上路，而且新旧模式都应该利用技术来实现长期的交通服务目标。
For decades, taxis have provided for-hire vehicle service without significant competition from other modes. But in 2012, ride-hail services such as Uber and Lyft upended the taxi business model by connecting riders to drivers through smartphone applications. Since then, few studies have considered how taxis compare to their new competition or how service quality varies across the two modes. We use data from 1680 ride-hail and taxi trips taken in a Los Angeles audit study to ask: how do service qualities—including trip price, reliability, and accountability—vary across ride-hailing (Uber and Lyft) and taxis? We find that, for the same origin and destination pair, ridehail users pay 40% lower fares and wait about one-quarter of the time compared to taxis. In addition, ride-hailing nearly guaranteed a ride, while about one in five taxi riders were never picked up. We utilize semi-structured interviews of frequent taxi and ride-hail users to examine potential explanations of the stark quantitative differences observed across modes. Findings reveal that, despite technological disruption, travelers continue to prioritize the long-standing tenets of transportation services: affordability, reliability, and accountability. Ride-hailing successfully implemented technologies to deliver on these traveler priorities, while taxis have largely failed to capitalize on new technologies. Findings suggest that taxis will need to do more than lower prices or put more cars on the road if they hope to compete with ride-hailing services, and that both new and old modes should harness technology to deliver on long-standing transportation service goals.