Explaining nitrogen turnover in sediments and water through variations in microbial community composition and potential function.
Explaining nitrogen turnover in sediments and water through variations in microbial community composition and potential function.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140379
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发表时间：
2023-10
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Shan Yang;Meijun Dong;Huibin Lu;Zhipeng Cai;Meng Ge;Jia Xing;Haobin Huang;Youda Huang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shan Yang;Meijun Dong;Huibin Lu;Zhipeng Cai;Meng Ge;Jia Xing;Haobin Huang;Youda Huang
人类活动在很大程度上影响着水生态系统中氮的生物地球化学循环。近海养殖水体中氮的高含量威胁着渔业生产和水产养殖生态系统，已成为亟待解决的问题。现有的微生物区系和代谢潜力对水生生态系统的氮素周转起着重要的调节作用。为了阐明微生物对底泥和水体氮素周转的贡献，我们对广东沿海三种类型的养殖生态系统进行了调查，中国。沉积物(间隙水)和水体(61.6%)中的硝态氮(NO3-−-N)占总氮的90.4%和61.6%。结果表明，−-N是水产养殖生态系统的主要污染物，底泥和水体中的NO2-N含量分别为1.67~2.86 mg/L和2.98~7.89 mg/L。在水中，同化氮还原细菌和好氧反硝化细菌的相对丰度，以及鱼和虾混养的固氮和异化氮的代谢潜力分别只有鱼和虾混养的61.0%、31.5%、47.5%和27.2%。此外，鱼虾混养还降低了−-N含量(2.86m g/L)，与鱼肉混养(7.89m g/L)相比，这与好氧反硝化和硝酸盐同化的变化一致，说明混养可以降低水体中的TN浓度，减轻氮污染风险。通过结构方程模型的进一步分析发现，功能途径(36%和31%)对TN变化的解释好于沉积物和水中的微生物类群(13%和11%)，这表明微生物功能对TN的解释优于微生物群落组成和其他因素(pH、O2和养殖类型)。这项研究加深了我们对三种类型水产养殖生态系统中与沉积物-水氮周转相关的氮污染特征、微生物群落和功能能力的理解，有助于保护健康的沿海生态系统。
Anthropogenic activities greatly impact nitrogen (N) biogeochemical cycling in aquatic ecosystems. High N concentrations in coastal aquaculture waters threaten fishery production and aquaculture ecosystems and have become an urgent problem to be solved. Existing microbial flora and metabolic potential significantly regulate N turnover in aquatic ecosystems. To clarify the contribution of microorganisms to N turnover in sediment and water, we investigated three types of aquaculture ecosystems in coastal areas of Guangdong, China. Nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N) was the dominant component of total nitrogen in the sediment (interstitial water, 90.4%) and water (61.6%). This finding indicates that NO3−-N (1.67–2.86 mg/L and 2.98–7.89 mg/L in the sediment and water) is a major pollutant in aquaculture ecosystems. In water, the relative abundances of assimilation nitrogen reduction and aerobic denitrifying bacteria, as well as the metabolic potentials of nitrogen fixation and dissimilated nitrogen in fish monoculture, were only 61.0%, 31.5%, 47.5%, and 27.2% of fish and shrimp polyculture, respectively. In addition, fish-shrimp polyculture reduced NO3−-N content (2.86 mg/L) compared to fish monoculture (7.89 mg/L), which was consistent with changes in aerobic denitrification and nitrate assimilation, suggesting that polyculture could reduce TN concentrations in water bodies and alleviate nitrogen pollution risks. Further analysis via structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that functional pathways (36% and 31%) explained TN changes better than microbial groups in sediment and water (13% and 11%), suggesting that microbial functional capabilities explain TN better than microbial community composition and other factors (pH, O2, and aquaculture type). This study enhances our understanding of nitrogen pollution characteristics and microbial community and functional capabilities related to sediment-water nitrogen turnover in three types of aquaculture ecosystems, which can contribute to the preservation of healthy coastal ecosystems.