Toward improving female retention in the computer science major
Toward improving female retention in the computer science major
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提高计算机科学专业女性的保留率
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Cohoon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Cohoon
Camp 于 1997 年发表在《Communications》上的一篇文章提供了证据，表明女性在计算机科学领域的成功随着时间的推移而变化[2]。在这篇文章中，Camp 记录了 1981 年至 1994 年间获得计算机科学学士学位的女性比例的上升和下降。Camp 还指出，这种变化受到计算机系所在大学类型（工程/非工程）的影响。图 1 将 Camp 的时间范围扩展到最新的可用数据，并再次确认了女性获得计算机科学学士学位的比例的起伏。如图 1 所示，1971 年，美国计算机科学学士学位中女性占 14%；到 1984 年，这一比例上升到 37%，然后在随后的 13 年里下降了 10 个百分点。女性代表性的这些时间变化并不是可以轻易解释的统计幻象。特别是，它们与女性受教育程度的总体趋势无关——在此期间，女性在所有学士学位中所占的比例从 46% 稳步上升到 56%。此外，这一时期女性在非计算机科学技术学科中的比例也有所上升[7]。女性代表性的时间变化也不能归因于新成立的计算机科学部门的影响——类似的上升和下降
Evidence that women’s success in computer science varies over time was provided in an article by Camp that appeared in Communications in 1997 [2]. In this article, Camp documented the rise and fall in the female proportion of computer science Bachelor’s degrees between 1981 and 1994. Camp also noted that this variation was affected by the type of college (engineering/nonengineering) in which a CS department was located. Figure 1 expands Camp’s timeframe to the most recent available data and reconfirms that women’s proportion of CS Bachelor’s degrees waxes and wanes. As Figure 1 shows, women comprised 14% of CS Bachelor’s degrees in the U.S. in 1971; this percentage rose to 37% by 1984, and then dropped 10 percentage points over the subsequent 13 years. These temporal changes in female representation are not statistical phantoms that can be easily explained away. In particular, they are not attributable to general trends in female educational attainment—women’s proportion of all Bachelor’s degrees rose steadily from 46% to 56% during this period. Furthermore, women’s proportion of non-CS scientific and technical disciplines also rose during this period [7]. The temporal changes in female representation were also not attributable to the effects of newly formed CS departments—a similar rising and