Disentangling the History of Deep Ocean Disposal for DDT and Other Industrial Waste Off Southern California.
Disentangling the History of Deep Ocean Disposal for DDT and Other Industrial Waste Off Southern California.
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解开南加州近海深海处置 DDT 和其他工业废物的历史。
DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.3c08575
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发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Valentine,DavidL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schmidt,JacobT;Wu,MongSinChristine;Kittner,HailieE;Arey,JSamuel;Hammond,DouglasE;Group,EarthA;Valentine,DavidL
技术滴滴涕[主要是1，1′-(2，2，2-trichloroethane-1，1-diyl)bis(4-chlorobenzene)，或4，4‘-滴滴涕]生产产生的工业废物的海洋处理历史上发生在南加利福尼亚州海湾。然而，历史记录的缺乏突显了这些废物的处置方式、地点和时机或持续的生态影响的不确定性。这项研究结合了对圣佩德罗盆地深层沉积物的采样、化学分析和数值模拟，揭示了从大陆延伸至少25公里的大量DDT污染。这些发现说明，向近海处置大量滴滴涕废物在20世纪50年代正式法规出台之前达到顶峰；不知道后来指定的处置地点；以及经历了缓慢的转变。我们的发现进一步表明，滴滴涕子体产品1-chloro-4-[2，2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]benzene(4，4‘-DDE)的二次来源正在减弱，它仍然沉积在圣佩德罗盆地深处的沉积物中。在证明滴滴涕污染对该地区的严重性的同时，这些发现进一步确定了滴滴涕废物的掩埋潜力，并提供了理解和预测生态后果所需的过去、现在和未来的污染潜力。这项工作还坚定地指出，滴滴涕废物的散装、非集装箱化处置以及并置废物的潜在替代成分。
Ocean disposal of industrial waste from technical DDT [mainly 1,1′-(2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(4-chlorobenzene), or 4,4′-DDT] manufacture occurred historically in the Southern California Bight. However, the paucity of historical records highlights uncertainties as to the mode, location, and timing of disposal or ongoing ecological effects of these wastes. This study combines sampling, chemical analysis, and numerical modeling of deep San Pedro Basin sediments revealing substantial DDT contamination that extends at least 25 km from the mainland. These findings narrate bulk DDT waste disposal to the offshore that peaked in the 1950s, prior to the onset of formal regulations; was agnostic to later-designated disposal sites; and has experienced sluggish transformation. Our findings further indicate an attenuating secondary source for the DDT daughter product, 1-chloro-4-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]benzene (4,4′-DDE), which still deposits into deep San Pedro Basin sediments. While demonstrating the severity of DDT contamination to the region, these findings further define the burial potential of DDT wastes and inform the past, present, and future contamination potential that is needed to understand and predict ecological consequences. This work also points firmly to bulk, not containerized, disposal of DDT waste and to potential alternative contents of collocated waste.