The relationship between physical activity and diet and young children's cognitive development: A systematic review.
The relationship between physical activity and diet and young children's cognitive development: A systematic review.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.04.003
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Ward DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tandon PS;Tovar A;Jayasuriya AT;Welker E;Schober DJ;Copeland K;Dev DA;Murriel AL;Amso D;Ward DS
鉴于儿童营养不良和活动水平低的高患病率，我们系统地回顾了儿童早期（6个月至5岁）身体活动和饮食模式与认知发育之间关系的文献。2016年2月，我们对MEDLINE、PsycINFO和ERIC进行了两次不同的检索。每次检索均包括身体活动（包括粗大运动技能）或饮食术语以及神经认知发育结局术语。纳入的研究是英文的，自2005年以来发表，并且是任何研究设计，其中体力活动或饮食措施发生在5岁之前。对于体力活动，纳入了12项研究（5项横截面研究，3项纵向研究和4项实验研究）。11项研究报告了表明身体活动或大运动技能与认知或学习有关的证据。急性发作和长期暴露都显示出益处。对于饮食，纳入了8项研究，包括来自纵向队列研究的次要分析。在所有研究中，更健康的饮食模式与更好的认知结果相关，尽管一些报告的关联很弱，并且在研究中使用的测量方法各不相同。幼儿期的体育活动和健康饮食与幼儿更好的认知结果有关。文献的缺乏以及所用计量方法的类型和质量的差异突出表明需要进行更严格的研究。鉴于儿童早期对预防肥胖和神经认知发育都至关重要，同样的健康行为可以促进两者的证据应该为未来的干预措施提供信息。有证据表明，体育活动对儿童早期的认知有益。儿童早期的饮食和后来的认知之间的关联建议。研究设计和测量工具的可变性限制了比较。预防肥胖的健康行为也可以促进儿童的认知。
Given the high prevalence of suboptimal nutrition and low activity levels in children, we systematically reviewed the literature on the relationship between physical activity and dietary patterns and cognitive development in early childhood (six months to five years). In February 2016, we conducted two different searches of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and ERIC. Each search included either physical activity (including gross motor skills) or diet terms, and neurocognitive development outcome terms. Included studies were in English, published since 2005, and of any study design in which the physical activity or diet measure occurred prior to age five. For physical activity, twelve studies (5 cross-sectional, 3 longitudinal and 4 experimental) were included. Eleven studies reported evidence suggesting that physical activity or gross motor skills are related to cognition or learning. Both acute bouts and longer term exposures showed benefit. For diet, eight studies were included consisting of secondary analyses from longitudinal cohort studies. A healthier dietary pattern was associated with better cognitive outcomes in all studies, although some of the reported associations were weak and the measures used varied across the studies. Physical activity and healthy diets in early childhood are associated with better cognitive outcomes in young children. The paucity of literature and the variability in the type and quality of measures used highlight the need for more rigorous research. Given that the early childhood years are critical for both obesity prevention and neurocognitive development, evidence that the same healthy behaviors could promote both should inform future interventions. There is evidence for cognitive benefits of physical activity in early childhood. An association between diet in early childhood and later cognition is suggested. Variability in study design and measurement tools limits comparisons. Health behaviors that prevent obesity could also promote children's cognition.