Evolution of public attitudes about mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Evolution of public attitudes about mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0447.2012.01826.x
复制
发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Angermeyer, M. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schomerus, G.;Schwahn, C.;Angermeyer, M. C.
肖默鲁斯G，施万C，霍尔辛格A，科里根PW，格拉贝HJ，卡尔塔MG，安格迈尔MC。公众对精神疾病态度的演变：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。
目的：探讨过去几十年中对精神障碍生物学相关因素的知识增加是否已转化为公众对精神疾病理解的改善、寻求精神卫生保健意愿的增强以及对精神疾病患者更宽容的态度。
方法：对2011年3月31日之前发表的所有关于普通人群中与精神疾病相关的信念和态度的研究进行系统综述，检查随访间隔至少为2年的态度时间趋势，并使用具有全国代表性的人口样本。方法学上同质的研究的一个子样本进一步纳入时间趋势的荟萃回归分析。
结果：关于全国时间趋势的16项研究的33份报告符合我们的纳入标准，其中6项符合荟萃回归分析的条件。出现了两个主要趋势：在精神卫生知识素养方面有一个一致的上升趋势，特别是对精神疾病的生物学模型的认识，以及对精神健康问题寻求专业帮助的接受度更高。然而，相比之下，在对精神疾病患者的态度方面，没有观察到变化，甚至观察到更糟的变化。
结论：公众对精神疾病生物学相关因素的理解增加似乎并未导致对精神疾病患者更好的社会接纳。
Schomerus G, Schwahn C, Holzinger A, Corrigan PW, Grabe HJ, Carta MG, Angermeyer MC. Evolution of public attitudes about mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Objective: To explore whether the increase in knowledge about the biological correlates of mental disorders over the last decades has translated into improved public understanding of mental illness, increased readiness to seek mental health care and more tolerant attitudes towards mentally ill persons. Method: A systematic review of all studies on mental illness-related beliefs and attitudes in the general population published before 31 March 2011, examining the time trends of attitudes with a follow-up interval of at least 2 years and using national representative population samples. A subsample of methodologically homogeneous studies was further included in a meta-regression analysis of time trends. Results: Thirty-three reports on 16 studies on national time trends met our inclusion criteria, six of which were eligible for a meta-regression analysis. Two major trends emerged: there was a coherent trend to greater mental health literacy, in particular towards a biological model of mental illness, and greater acceptance of professional help for mental health problems. In contrast, however, no changes or even changes to the worse were observed regarding the attitudes towards people with mental illness. Conclusion: Increasing public understanding of the biological correlates of mental illness seems not to result in better social acceptance of persons with mental illness.