Human periodontal ligament: a niche of neural crest stem cells
Human periodontal ligament: a niche of neural crest stem cells
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0765.2007.01065.x
复制
发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Trentin, A. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coura, G. S.;Garcez, R. C.;Trentin, A. G.
背景与目的：牙周韧带是一种特殊的结缔组织，起源于牙毛囊和神经嵴细胞。最近有研究表明，基于动物模型，牙周韧带可能是神经嵴干细胞的一个生态位。然而，关于这个问题的知识仍然很少。神经嵴成体干细胞的鉴定因其在组织再生方面的潜力而备受关注。本研究的目的是验证人类牙周韧带作为神经嵴干细胞的生态位。材料与方法：从7例患者的10颗牙齿（牙周韧带池组）和1例患者的4颗牙齿（牙周韧带单组）中分离出经酶解的人牙周韧带细胞。细胞在特定的诱导培养基中培养。分别通过免疫细胞化学和逆转录-聚合酶链反应技术进行蛋白和基因表达分析。结果：在诱导培养基中培养后，确定了中胚层表型（成脂、成骨和成肌纤维细胞）。免疫细胞化学分析显示存在神经干细胞的巢蛋白标记物和未分化神经嵴细胞的标记物（HNK1, p75）。在允许神经分化的诱导培养基中培养时，细胞显示β -微管蛋白III、神经丝M、外周蛋白、微管相关蛋白2和蛋白0的标记物。两组（牙周韧带池组和牙周韧带单组）的结果相似。结论：本研究提供了证据，证明人类牙周韧带除了其中胚层衍生物外，还产生神经嵴样细胞。这些特征表明它们是胚胎状态的再现。人类牙周韧带显示自己是一个可行的替代来源，可能的原始前体，用于干细胞治疗。
Background and Objective: The periodontal ligament is a specialized connective tissue, derived from dental follicle and originated from neural crest cells. Recently it has been suggested, based on animal models, that periodontal ligament could be a niche for neural crest stem cells. However, there is still little knowledge on this subject. The identification of neural crest adult stem cells has received much attention based on its potential in tissue regeneration. The objective of the present work was to verify the human periodontal ligament as a niche for neural crest stem cells.Material and Methods: Cells from human periodontal ligament were isolated from 10 teeth of seven individuals (periodontal ligament pool group) and also from four teeth of one individual (periodontal ligament single group), after enzymatic digestion. The cells were cultured in specific inductive medium. Analyses of protein and gene expression were performed through immunocytochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction techniques, respectively.Results: Mesodermal phenotypes (adipogeneic, osteogenic and myofibroblastic) were identified after culture in inductive medium. Immunocytochemistry analyses showed the presence of the nestin marker of neural stem cells and also markers of undifferentiated neural crest cells (HNK1, p75). When cultured in inductive medium that allowed neural differentiation, the cells showed markers for beta-tubulin III, neurofilament M, peripherin, microtubule-associated protein 2 and protein zero. The results were similar between the two study groups (the periodontal ligament pool group and the periodontal ligament single group).Conclusion: This research provides evidence that human periodontal ligament, in addition to its mesodermal derivatives, produces neural crest-like cells. Such features suggest a recapitulation of their embryonic state. The human periodontal ligament revealed itself as a viable alternative source for possible primitive precursors to be used in stem-cell therapies.