Lévy walks emerging near a critical point
Lévy walks emerging near a critical point
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DOI：
10.1101/2020.01.27.920801
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Masato S. Abe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tomoyo Isoguchi Shiramatsu;Kanato Mori;Hirokazu Takahashi;Masato S. Abe
一种特殊的随机游走，即所谓的Lévy游走，在从细胞、昆虫、鱼类和鸟类到哺乳动物（包括人类）的各种生物中都被观察到。虽然它们的流行被认为是自然选择的结果，以提高搜索效率，但一些研究结果表明，Lévy Walks也可能是与环境相互作用产生的附带现象。因此，为什么它们在生物运动中很常见仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。基于一些证据表明，Lévy Walks是在大脑中自发产生的，并且Lévy Walks中的幂律分布可以在临界点出现，我们假设Lévy Walks的优势可能会因临界性而增强。然而，Lévy Walks的功能优势却知之甚少。在这里，我们为产生运动的非线性系统建模，并表明在临界点附近出现的Lévy行走具有编码信息的最佳动态范围。这一发现表明，Lévy步行可以根据环境刺激的大小改变运动轨迹。然后，我们发现，Lévy行走的高度灵活性使得能够根据外部线索的性质切换开发/探索。最后，我们分析了自由运动果蝇的运动轨迹，并实证表明，Lévy步行可能出现在临界点附近，具有大的动态范围和高的灵活性。我们的结果表明，常见的Lévy行走出现在临界点附近，并且可以根据这些功能优势来解释。
A special class of random walks, so-called Lévy walks, has been observed in a variety of organisms ranging from cells, insects, fishes, and birds to mammals, including humans. Although their prevalence is considered to be a consequence of natural selection for higher search efficiency, some findings suggest that Lévy walks might also be epiphenomena that arise from interactions with the environment. Therefore, why they are common in biological movements remains an open question. Based on some evidence that Lévy walks are spontaneously generated in the brain and the fact that power-law distributions in Lévy walks can emerge at a critical point, we hypothesized that the advantages of Lévy walks might be enhanced by criticality. However, the functional advantages of Lévy walks are poorly understood. Here, we modeled nonlinear systems for the generation of locomotion and showed that Lévy walks emerging near a critical point had optimal dynamic ranges for coding information. This discovery suggested that Lévy walks could change movement trajectories based on the magnitude of environmental stimuli. We then showed that the high flexibility of Lévy walks enabled switching exploitation/exploration based on the nature of external cues. Finally, we analyzed the movement trajectories of freely movingDrosophilalarvae and showed empirically that the Lévy walks may emerge near a critical point and have large dynamic range and high flexibility. Our results suggest that the commonly observed Lévy walks emerge near a critical point and could be explained on the basis of these functional advantages.