High-Entropy Alloys for Advanced Nuclear Applications.
High-Entropy Alloys for Advanced Nuclear Applications.
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DOI：
10.3390/e23010098
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发表时间：
2021-01-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gandy AS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pickering EJ;Carruthers AW;Barron PJ;Middleburgh SC;Armstrong DEJ;Gandy AS
高熵合金(HEA)提供的更大的成分自由度为设计先进的核应用合金提供了独特的机会，特别是在当前工程合金不足的应用中。这篇综述评估了迄今为止在核应用领域中所做的工作，对得出的结论提供了重要的见解，并强调了未来研究的可能性和挑战。结果发现，我们对HEA辐照响应的理解还处于起步阶段，要想使我们对单个HEA系统的了解与我们对奥氏体钢等传统合金的理解相匹配，还需要做大量的工作。许多研究表明，家用电器具有“特殊的”抗辐射损伤能力，尽管一些拟议的机制，如基于缓慢扩散和晶格扭曲的机制，仍然有些不令人信服(当然，就普遍适用于所有家用电器而言)。然而，与更传统的合金相比，HEAs中可能存在一些独特的机制和效应，例如它们较差的导热系数对位移级联的影响。此外，即使设计过程仍然具有挑战性，在大范围内调整HEAs的成分以优化特定辐射响应的机会可能非常强大。
The expanded compositional freedom afforded by high-entropy alloys (HEAs) represents a unique opportunity for the design of alloys for advanced nuclear applications, in particular for applications where current engineering alloys fall short. This review assesses the work done to date in the field of HEAs for nuclear applications, provides critical insight into the conclusions drawn, and highlights possibilities and challenges for future study. It is found that our understanding of the irradiation responses of HEAs remains in its infancy, and much work is needed in order for our knowledge of any single HEA system to match our understanding of conventional alloys such as austenitic steels. A number of studies have suggested that HEAs possess ‘special’ irradiation damage resistance, although some of the proposed mechanisms, such as those based on sluggish diffusion and lattice distortion, remain somewhat unconvincing (certainly in terms of being universally applicable to all HEAs). Nevertheless, there may be some mechanisms and effects that are uniquely different in HEAs when compared to more conventional alloys, such as the effect that their poor thermal conductivities have on the displacement cascade. Furthermore, the opportunity to tune the compositions of HEAs over a large range to optimise particular irradiation responses could be very powerful, even if the design process remains challenging.
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