Surfactant-controlled ink drying enables high-speed deposition of perovskite films for efficient photovoltaic modules
Surfactant-controlled ink drying enables high-speed deposition of perovskite films for efficient photovoltaic modules
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DOI：
10.1038/s41560-018-0153-9
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.7
通讯作者：
Huang, Jinsong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Deng, Yehao;Zheng, Xiaopeng;Huang, Jinsong
钙钛矿等新型光伏技术有望降低电力成本，但低成本潜力取决于扩大基于溶液的沉积的能力。到目前为止，复杂的流体动力学限制了大面积均匀无针孔的有机-无机钙钛矿薄膜的溶液沉积。在这里，我们展示了极少量(百万分之几十)的表面活性剂(例如L-α-磷脂酰胆碱)显著改变了流体干燥动力学，并增加了钙钛矿型油墨与底层非湿润电荷传输层的粘附性。该添加剂能够以180mh(-1)的涂覆速度在1 cm范围内获得均方根粗糙度为14.5 nm的光滑钙钛矿薄膜。表面活性剂还可以钝化电荷陷阱，从而使小面积太阳能电池的效率超过20%。在空气中快速切割钙钛矿型薄膜，在孔径面积为33.0 cm(2)和57.2 cm(2)时，稳定的组件效率分别为15.3%和14.6%。
Novel photovoltaic technologies such as perovskites hold the promise of a reduced levelized cost of electricity, but the low-cost potential depends on the ability to scale-up solution-based deposition. So far, complex fluid dynamics have limited the solution deposition of uniform pinhole-free organic-inorganic perovskite thin films over large areas. Here, we show that very small amounts (tens of parts per million) of surfactants (for example, L-alpha-Phosphatidylcholine) dramatically alter the fluid drying dynamics and increase the adhesion of the perovskite ink to the underlying non-wetting charge transport layer. The additives enable blading of smooth perovskite films at a coating rate of 180 m h(-1) with root-mean-square roughness of 14.5 nm over 1 cm. The surfactants also passivate charge traps, resulting in efficiencies over 20% for small-area solar cells. Fast blading in air of perovskite films results in stabilized module efficiencies of 15.3% and 14.6% measured at aperture areas of 33.0 cm(2) and 57.2 cm(2), respectively.