The influence of multiple temporal memories in the peak-interval procedure.
The influence of multiple temporal memories in the peak-interval procedure.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13420-015-0169-y
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Crystal JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wilson AG;Matell MS;Crystal JD
当一个事件发生时的记忆被用来预测该事件未来的发生，但是当该事件在两个不同的时间发生的可能性相同时，会发生什么呢？在这项研究中，一组大鼠总是在峰间期程序的21秒时得到强化（仅21秒组），而另一组大鼠在8秒或21秒时得到强化，每天变化（8 - 21秒组）。在每次实验开始时，8 - 21岁组的行为在很大程度上缺乏时间控制，但在实验结束时，时间控制又重新建立起来。当两组都在21秒时得到强化时，在8 - 21组的受试者经历了13次强化试验后，反应模式无法区分。最后，前一次会议的强化时间影响了8 - 21组，因此受试者会根据前一次会议的强化时间而产生偏见。这些结果表明，当强化时间最初是模糊的，大鼠的反应方式，结合他们的期望的两种可能性，增量调整他们的反应，因为他们收到更多的信息，但仍然使用信息从以前的会议，以偏置他们的初始期望的强化时间。结合这些结果意味着，大鼠是敏感的编码的时间记忆的环境中，强化时间是可变的年龄。这些结果如何通知标量期望理论，目前接受的间隔时间行为模型，进行了讨论。
Memories for when an event has occurred are used to anticipate future occurrences of the event, but what happens when the event is equally likely to occur at two different times? In this study, one group of rats was always reinforced at 21 sec on the peak interval procedure (21-only group), whereas another group of rats was reinforced at either 8 or 21 sec, varying daily (8–21 group). At the beginning of each session, the behavior of the 8–21 group largely lacked temporal control, but by the end of the session, temporal control was re-established. When both groups were reinforced at 21 seconds, the pattern of responding was indistinguishable after subjects in the 8–21 group experienced 13 reinforcement trials. Lastly, the reinforcement time of previous sessions affected the 8–21 group, such that subjects were biased depending on the reinforcement time of the prior session. These results show that when the reinforcement time is initially ambiguous, rats respond in a way that combines their expectation of both possibilities, incrementally adjust their responding as they receive more information, but still use information from prior sessions to bias their initial expectation for the reinforcement time. Combined these results imply that rats are sensitive to the age of encoded temporal memories in an environment where the reinforcement time is variable. How these results inform the scalar expectancy theory, the currently accepted model of interval timing behavior, is discussed.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
GIBBON, J;CHURCH, RM
通讯作者：
CHURCH, RM
DOI：
10.1037/0097-7403.20.2.135
发表时间：
1994-04-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL BEHAVIOR PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
CHURCH, RM;MECK, WH;GIBBON, J
通讯作者：
GIBBON, J
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
BJORK, RA;WHITTEN, WB
通讯作者：
WHITTEN, WB
DOI：
10.1037/0097-7403.19.1.68
发表时间：
1993-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL BEHAVIOR PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
CHENG, K;WESTWOOD, R;CRYSTAL, JD
通讯作者：
CRYSTAL, JD
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Kyonka, Elizabeth G. E.
通讯作者：
Kyonka, Elizabeth G. E.