Colombian Paramilitaries Since Demobilization: Between State Crackdown and Increased Violence
Colombian Paramilitaries Since Demobilization: Between State Crackdown and Increased Violence
复制标题
哥伦比亚准军事部队自复员以来：在国家镇压和暴力增加之间
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
K. Krakowski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Krakowski
摘要 本文探讨了自 2003 年解除武装、复员和重返社会 (DDR) 进程开始以来哥伦比亚太平洋沿岸准军事暴力的异质趋势之谜。从政治冲突理论中得出的通常解释通过有组织犯罪研究的见解得到了改进。文章认为，复员后次区域准军事暴力的偶尔升级不能用国家论点的软弱来解释。相反，文章展示了反直觉的证据，表明准军事暴力与国家对准军事团体的镇压干预的发生率呈正相关。更具体地说，受到国家挑战的准军事组织使用更多的暴力，要么是为了取代受执法活动影响最大的非暴力资源，要么是为了应对各自组织内因镇压而加剧的掠夺倾向。
Abstract This article addresses the puzzle of heterogeneous trends in paramilitary violence on the Colombian Pacific Coast since the beginning of the disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (DDR) process in 2003. The usual explanations derived from political conflict theories are improved with insights from organized crime research. The article argues that the occasional escalation of post-DDR paramilitary violence at the subregional level cannot be explained by the weakness of the state argument. Instead, the article demonstrates the counterintuitive evidence that paramilitary violence correlates positively with the incidence of state repressive intervention against paramilitary groups. More specifically, paramilitaries challenged by the state use more violence, either to replace their nonviolent resources most affected by law enforcement activities or to respond to crackdown-related intensification of predatory tendencies within their respective organizations.