A 2000-year reconstruction of forest disturbance from southern Pacific Costa Rica
A 2000-year reconstruction of forest disturbance from southern Pacific Costa Rica
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南太平洋哥斯达黎加 2000 年来森林扰动的重建
DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.02.003
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Horn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Anchukaitis;S. Horn
我们重建了哥斯达黎加南部太平洋地区拉斯克鲁塞斯生物站和拉阿米斯塔德国际公园和生物圈保护区附近的史前和历史人类森林干扰和植被变化。圣埃琳娜湖沉积物中的花粉和木炭揭示了过去两千年来人类对这些热带森林的改造几乎连续不断的记录。核心的基底部分显示出几乎完整的山前森林，面积约 1800 cal。尽管有证据表明人类以玉米花粉和木炭的形式存在于这片土地上。至少从 1400 cal 开始，为了农业而进行的砍伐导致流域中干扰类群占主导地位。年 B.P.花粉记录揭示了人类占领该分水岭的可能短暂中断，时间约为 540 cal。尽管在距今 700 年之前，Laguna Santa Elena 流域就开始发生次生演替，但从大约 700 cal 开始，次生演替已经开始。年 B.P.附近的巴鲁火山发生了三次喷发，我们可以追溯到大约 610 年、1080 年和 1440 年。 B.P. 显然对湖附近的史前人类没有什么直接影响。历史和现代的土地清理使扰动和演替类群的现代植被组合得以永久存在。
We reconstruct prehistoric and historic human forest disturbance and vegetation change in southern Pacific Costa Rica, in the vicinity of the Las Cruces Biological Station and the La Amistad International Park and Biosphere Reserve. Pollen and charcoal in sediments from Laguna Santa Elena reveal a nearly continuous record of human alteration of these tropical forests over the past two millennia. The basal portion of the core shows nearly intact premontane forests approximately 1800 cal. year B.P., although there is evidence of human presence on the landscape in the form of maize pollen and charcoal. Clearing for agriculture resulted in the dominance of disturbance taxa in the watershed beginning at least 1400 cal. year B.P. The pollen record reveals a possible, brief hiatus in human occupation of the watershed at approximately 540 cal. year B.P., although secondary succession began to occur in the Laguna Santa Elena watershed prior to that time, beginning about 700 cal. year B.P. Three eruptions of nearby Volcán Barú, which we date to approximately 610, 1080, and 1440 cal. year B.P., apparently had little direct effect on the prehistoric populations in the immediate vicinity of the lake. Historic and modern land clearance has perpetuated a modern vegetation assemblage of disturbance and successional taxa.