Definition, Effects and Assessment of Groundwater Droughts
Definition, Effects and Assessment of Groundwater Droughts
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DOI：
10.1007/978-94-015-9472-1_4
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Lanen;E. Peters
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Lanen;E. Peters
天然地下水干旱源于长期补给减少，而这些干旱往往因人类活动（如抽取）而加剧。地下水位低和地下水梯度小是造成干旱的原因。地下水干旱主要与水井产量低有关，这影响到公共供水和灌溉做法，并与其他干旱（如农业干旱）有关。地下水干旱监测和评估方法是基于对地下水补给或地下水位的时间序列的分析，并要求有一个阈值或发生概率，而这只能通过对地下水干旱影响的适当评估得出，例如降低水位、减少泉水流量或减少毛细上升。其中一些影响进行了讨论，以说明如何最终这样的阈值或发生概率必须确定。
Natural groundwater droughts originate from reduced recharge over a prolonged period of time and these droughts are often enhanced by human activities (e.g. abstractions). Low groundwater heads and small groundwater gradients cause the droughts. Groundwater droughts are mainly associated with low well yields, which affect public water supply and irrigation practices and are related to other droughts (e.g. agricultural droughts). Groundwater drought monitoring and assessment methods are based upon an analysis of time-series of groundwater recharge or groundwater heads and require a threshold or probability occurrence, which can only be derived from a proper evaluation of the effects of groundwater droughts, such as lowering of well levels, reduction of springflow or reduction of capillary rise. Some of these effects are discussed to illustrate how eventually such threshold or probability of occurrence has to be determined.