Comparison of thermal imaging and rectal temperature in the diagnosis of pyrexia in pre-weaned calves using on farm conditions
Comparison of thermal imaging and rectal temperature in the diagnosis of pyrexia in pre-weaned calves using on farm conditions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.05.004
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Haskell, M. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bell, D. J.;Macrae, A. I.;Haskell, M. J.
测量核心体温被用作评估动物健康的诊断过程的一部分。通常在小牛身上，这是使用直肠温度计进行的，这可能非常耗时，会给小牛带来压力，并且本质上是侵入性的。热成像是一种正在获得认可的非侵入性技术。这项研究调查了使用热成像技术来评估断奶前人工饲养犊牛的核心体温。总共 125 头雄性和雌性小牛从出生后第 7 天到第 40 天每天测量直肠温度，同时拍摄眼睛内眦周围区域的热图像。小腿直肠温度和热图像温度之间存在弱相关性（r = 0.28）。当包括气温 (p < .001) 和风速 (p < .001) 以及复原代乳粉消耗量 (p < .01) 等环境参数时，核心体温的多变量预测模型增加了相关性 (r = 0.32)。对包含这些参数的预测模型的有效性进行了检查，该模型用于检测核心体温 >= 39.5 摄氏度的犊牛，结果发现其灵敏度为 0%，特异性为 100%。这项研究的结果表明，在使用热成像评估体温时需要考虑热环境参数。然而，结果表明，在商业农场条件下无法使用热成像技术准确测量核心体温。需要进一步的研究来确定可以测量哪些其他因素来提高预测能力。
Measuring core body temperature is used as part of the diagnostic process in assessing the health of animals. Typically in calves, this is carried out using a rectal thermometer which can be time consuming, stressful to the calf and is invasive by nature. A non-invasive technique that is gaining recognition is thermal imaging. This study investigated the use of thermal imaging as a technique to assess core body temperature in pre-weaned artificially reared calves. A total of 125 male and female calves had rectal temperatures measured daily from day 7 until day 40 of life, and at the same time had a thermal image taken of the area around the medial canthus of the eye. A weak correlation (r = 0.28) was found between calf rectal temperature and thermal image temperature. A multivariable predictive model for core body temperature increased the correlation (r = 0.32) when including the environmental parameters of air temperature (p < .001) and wind speed (p < .001) as well as reconstituted milk replacer consumption (p < .01). The effectiveness of a predictive model including these parameters for the detection of calves with a core body temperature >= 39.5 degrees C was examined and found to have a sensitivity of 0% and a specificity of 100%.The results of this study demonstrate the need to take thermal environmental parameters into consideration when using thermal imaging to assess body temperature. However, the results suggest that accurate measures of core body temperature using thermal imaging cannot be achieved under commercial farm conditions. Further research is needed to determine what other factors could be measured to increase predictive ability.