Gamma-ray Bursts and Afterglow
Gamma-ray Bursts and Afterglow
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伽马射线暴和余辉
DOI：
10.1017/s0074180900163107
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Sari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Sari
.近30年来，伽玛暴的起源一直是个谜。它们的源在短时间尺度上发出巨大的能量，并且该过程涉及极端的相对论运动，其体积洛伦兹因子至少为几百。在过去的两年里，在X射线，光学，红外和无线电中的“余辉”发射被检测到。余辉可以在几秒钟的伽玛射线暴之后的几个月甚至几年内测量。我们回顾了，射线发射和余辉的理论，并表明，这些都得到了观测的有力支持。最近检测到的光发射同时与伽玛暴同意与理论预测，并进一步约束模型的自由参数。我们讨论的证据表明，一些突发的射流，并讨论偏振测量的前景。
. The origin of GRBs has been a mystery for almost 30 years. Their sources emit a huge amount of energy on short time scales, and the process involves extreme relativistic motion with a bulk Lorentz factor of at least a few hundred. In the last two years, "afterglow" emission in X-ray, optical, IR, and radio was detected. The afterglow can be measured up to months and even years after the few-seconds GRB. We review the theories for the ,-ray emission and its afterglow, and show that these are strongly supported by observations. A recent detection of optical emission simultaneous with the GRB agrees well with theoretical predictions and further constrains the free parameters of the models. We discuss the evidence that some of the bursts are jets and discuss the prospects of polarization measurements.