Agent-based Simulation for IoT Facilitated Building Evacuation
Agent-based Simulation for IoT Facilitated Building Evacuation
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DOI：
10.1109/ict-dm47966.2019.9032909
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发表时间：
2019-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Dugdale;M. T. Moghaddam;H. Muccini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Dugdale;M. T. Moghaddam;H. Muccini
物联网（IoT）通过连接传感器并在紧急火灾情况下为濒危人员提供实时数据，改变了我们的安全系统方法。在紧急情况下，在最短的时间内疏散建筑物是至关重要的。尽管优化方法给出了最佳情况，但它们并不反映实际疏散的现实性。我们结合联合收割机的网络流量优化算法与基于代理的社会模拟，以提供更真实的疏散场景。在模拟器中，单个居住者被建模为计算代理。智能体是异质的，表现出对他人的社会依恋，并改变其运动速度。一个信念-愿望-意图（BDI）代理架构是用来模拟个人代理的认知推理。这项工作被应用到一个真实的建筑物，配备了物联网传感器，其数据输入到网络流模型。结果表明：网络流算法比最短路径算法执行得更好，并且避免了建筑物瓶颈中的拥塞;社会依附减慢了疏散;内部相邻放置的双门比具有单个双宽度门更好地增加疏散。
The Internet of Things (IoT) has changed our approach to safety systems by connecting sensors and providing real-time data to endangered people in emergency fire situations. In an emergency, evacuating a building in the shortest time possible is essential. Although optimisation methods give a best case scenario, they do not reflect the realism of actual evacuations. We combine a network flow optimisation algorithm with agent based social simulation to provide more realistic evacuation scenarios. Individual occupants are modelled as computational agents in the simulator. Agents are heterogenous and exhibit social attachment to others and vary their speed of movement. A Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) agent architecture is used to model the cognitive reasoning of individual agents. The work is applied to a real building, equipped with IoT sensors whose data feed into the network flow model. The results show that: the network flow algorithm performs better than the shortest path algorithm and avoids congestion in building bottlenecks; social attachment slows down evacuation; internal adjacently placed doubled doors are better than having a single double width door for increasing evacuation.