Evidence for adaptive evolution in the receptor-binding domain of seasonal coronaviruses OC43 and 229e.
Evidence for adaptive evolution in the receptor-binding domain of seasonal coronaviruses OC43 and 229e.
复制标题
季节性冠状病毒OC43和229E的受体结合结构域的适应性进化的证据。
DOI：
10.7554/elife.64509
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发表时间：
2021-01-19
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Bedford T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kistler KE;Bedford T
季节性冠状病毒（OC43、229E、NL63和HKU1）在人群中流行，经常感染和再感染人类，通常引起无症状至轻度呼吸道感染。目前尚不清楚这些病毒的再感染在多大程度上是由于免疫记忆减弱或病毒的抗原漂移造成的。本文探讨了抗原漂移对季节性冠状病毒免疫逃避的影响。我们提供的证据表明，这些病毒中至少有两种，OC43和229E，在暴露于人类体液免疫的病毒刺突蛋白区域正在经历适应性进化。这表明，再次感染可能部分是由于这些病毒中积极选择的基因变化，使它们能够逃避免疫系统的识别。与季节性流感一样，病毒抗原区域的这些适应性变化可能需要不断重新配制针对它们的疫苗。
Seasonal coronaviruses (OC43, 229E, NL63, and HKU1) are endemic to the human population, regularly infecting and reinfecting humans while typically causing asymptomatic to mild respiratory infections. It is not known to what extent reinfection by these viruses is due to waning immune memory or antigenic drift of the viruses. Here we address the influence of antigenic drift on immune evasion of seasonal coronaviruses. We provide evidence that at least two of these viruses, OC43 and 229E, are undergoing adaptive evolution in regions of the viral spike protein that are exposed to human humoral immunity. This suggests that reinfection may be due, in part, to positively selected genetic changes in these viruses that enable them to escape recognition by the immune system. It is possible that, as with seasonal influenza, these adaptive changes in antigenic regions of the virus would necessitate continual reformulation of a vaccine made against them.