Analysis of Toxic Metals in Electronic Cigarette Aerosols Using a Novel Trap Design.
Analysis of Toxic Metals in Electronic Cigarette Aerosols Using a Novel Trap Design.
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DOI：
10.1093/jat/bkz078
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发表时间：
2020-03-07
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Pappas RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Halstead M;Gray N;Gonzalez-Jimenez N;Fresquez M;Valentin-Blasini L;Watson C;Pappas RS
自2006年以来，电子烟（即电子尼古丁输送系统或ENDS）在国内的普及和销售迅速增长。虽然以前已经研究过末端产生的气溶胶成分，但在已发表的文献中，雾化方案和气溶胶捕获模式的差异往往使结果比较和数据解释复杂化。随着ENDS产品设计的不断发展，迫切需要开发和验证实验室测试、适当的气溶胶产生和捕获介质所需的可靠方法，以准确测定ENDS气溶胶金属输送量。开发并验证了一种简单，高金属纯度的含氟聚合物捕集器，符合标准机器膨化方案（CORESTA推荐方法81）规范，并且具有可忽略不计的酸可提取金属背景。使用标准的机器雾化方案与含氟聚合物冷凝陷阱相结合，从选定的ENDS设备中产生并收集气溶胶，用于三重四极杆电感耦合等离子体质谱分析铬、镍、铜、锌、镉、锡和铅。测试的设备涵盖了一系列商业产品，包括JUUL豆荚的调味版本、可再填充罐系统、可充电药筒和一次性ENDs设备。结果表明，在固定的雾化方案（50次/收集）下产生的气溶胶中，金属浓度范围从低于检测限（LOD）到614 ng铜和339 ng锌/ 10次。所有测试设备的镉浓度均低于LOD。设备特定气溶胶中Sn和Pb的含量从低于LOD到低纳克水平不等。Cr和Ni在气溶胶中的含量相当于或略高于使用标准吸烟方案的主流香烟烟雾。与主流卷烟烟雾相比，末端电子烟气溶胶中传播的特定金属Cd和Pb含量普遍较低，这反映了使用末端电子烟代替卷烟作为戒烟工具可能减少对吸烟者的伤害。
Since 2006 the domestic popularity and sales of electronic cigarettes (i.e., electronic nicotine delivery systems or ENDS) have grown rapidly. Although the constituents of the aerosol produced by ENDS have been previously investigated, differences in puff regimens and aerosol trapping schema in published literature often complicate result comparisons and data interpretation. As the ENDS product designs continue to evolve, there is a critical need to develop and validate robust methodologies for laboratory testing, appropriate aerosol generation and trapping media required for accurate determinations of ENDS aerosol metals deliveries. A simple, high metals purity, fluoropolymer trap was developed and validated that meets standard machine puffing regimen (CORESTA Recommended Method 81) specifications and exhibits negligible acid extractable metal backgrounds. Using a standard machine puffing regimen in combination with a fluoropolymer condensation trap, aerosol was generated and collected from select ENDS devices for analysis of chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, tin, and lead with triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Devices tested spanned a range of commercial products, including flavored variants of JUUL pods, refillable tank systems, rechargeable cartridges, and single-use ENDs devices. Results showed that for aerosols generated under a fixed puffing regimen (50 puffs/collection), metal concentrations ranged from below the detection limits (LOD) to 614 ng copper and 339 ng zinc per 10 puffs. Cadmium concentrations were below LOD for all devices tested. Device specific aerosol levels of Sn and Pb ranged from below LOD to low nanogram levels. Cr and Ni were transported in aerosols at levels equivalent to, or slightly higher than in mainstream cigarette smoke using a standard smoking regimen. The generally lower levels of specific metals, Cd and Pb, transmitted in ENDS aerosols compared to mainstream cigarette smoke reflect possible reduction of harm for smokers who substitute the use of ENDS as cessation devices in place of smoking cigarettes.
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.2015.8950
发表时间：
2015-08-18
期刊：
JAMA
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
Pappas, R. Steven
影响因子：
26.1
作者：
Primack, Brian A.;Soneji, Samir;Sargent, James D.
通讯作者：
Sargent, James D.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Mikheev, Vladimir B.;Ivanov, Alexander;Clark, Pamela I.
通讯作者：
Clark, Pamela I.
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Torrence, KM;McDaniel, RL;Chang, MJ
通讯作者：
Chang, MJ