Enduring mental health: Prevalence and prediction.
Enduring mental health: Prevalence and prediction.
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DOI：
10.1037/abn0000232
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Moffitt TE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schaefer JD;Caspi A;Belsky DW;Harrington H;Houts R;Horwood LJ;Hussong A;Ramrakha S;Poulton R;Moffitt TE
我们回顾了流行病学证据，表明大多数人会发展为可诊断的精神障碍，这表明只有少数人经历了持久的心理健康。这一少数人几乎没有得到实证研究，使持久的心理健康的患病率和预测未知。我们转向人群代表性的达尼丁队列，从出生到中年，比较从未诊断为精神障碍的人（N = 171; 17%患病率）与在1-2个研究波诊断的人，队列模式（N = 409）。令人惊讶的是，与这个模式组相比，从未确诊的研究成员并没有出生在异常富裕的家庭，他们持久的心理健康也没有明显的健康身体或异常高的智力。相反，他们往往有一个有利的气质/人格风格，和可忽略的精神障碍家族史。作为成年人，他们报告了更高的上级教育和职业成就，更高的生活满意度和更高质量的关系。我们的研究结果提请注意“持久的心理健康”作为一个揭示心理表型，并建议它值得进一步研究。这项研究回顾了证据表明，在生命过程中的某个时候，可诊断的精神障碍的经验是正常的，而不是例外。我们的研究结果表明，相对较少的人谁管理，以避免这些条件归功于一个有利的人格风格和缺乏家族史的障碍，而不是童年的社会经济特权，优越的上级健康，或高智商的非凡的心理健康。
We review epidemiological evidence indicating that most people will develop a diagnosable mental disorder, suggesting that only a minority experience enduring mental health. This minority has received little empirical study, leaving the prevalence and predictors of enduring mental health unknown. We turn to the population-representative Dunedin cohort, followed from birth to midlife, to compare people never-diagnosed with mental disorder (N = 171; 17% prevalence) to those diagnosed at 1–2 study waves, the cohort mode (N = 409). Surprisingly, compared to this modal group, never-diagnosed Study members were not born into unusually well-to-do families, nor did their enduring mental health follow markedly sound physical health, or unusually high intelligence. Instead, they tended to have an advantageous temperament/personality style, and negligible family history of mental disorder. As adults, they report superior educational and occupational attainment, greater life satisfaction, and higher-quality relationships. Our findings draw attention to “enduring mental health” as a revealing psychological phenotype and suggest it deserves further study. This study reviews evidence indicating that the experience of a diagnosable mental disorder at some point during the life course is the norm, not the exception. Our results suggest that the comparatively few individuals who manage to avoid such conditions owe their extraordinary mental health to an advantageous personality style and lack of family history of disorder, but not to childhood socioeconomic privilege, superior health, or high intelligence.