Implementing an Integrated Pest Management Program for Coffee Berry Borer in a Specialty Coffee Plantation in Colombia
Implementing an Integrated Pest Management Program for Coffee Berry Borer in a Specialty Coffee Plantation in Colombia
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DOI：
10.1603/ipm11006
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Arthurs, Steven P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aristizabal, Luis F.;Lara, Olga;Arthurs, Steven P.
讨论了在哥伦比亚威拉地区 110 公顷咖啡种植园针对咖啡浆果蛀虫 Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) 实施害虫综合防治 (IPM) 计划的努力。为管理超过 80 个咖啡批次生产的农场工作人员和采收工人提供了实践培训。参与者参加了根据哥伦比亚国家咖啡研究中心（Cenicafe）之前的研究和建议描述害虫管理策略的研讨会。培训计划的重点是文化实践，即有效收获成熟浆果以消除咖啡浆果蛀虫栖息地，同时建立全面的监测计划以减少化学杀虫剂并鼓励使用生物杀虫剂。参与者通过筛选收获的浆果和果肉坑来实施采后技术，以物理排除成年咖啡浆果蛀虫。理由是采用新的做法将使种植者摆脱化学杀虫剂。三年多的结果表明，文化、物理和生物控制方法得到了广泛采用。总体而言，IPM 计划被认为是成功的，因为尽管硫丹/毒死蜱的使用量有所减少，但与咖啡作物的昆虫损害有关的问题却减少了，硫丹/毒死蜱的使用量从 2002 年的 250 升下降到 2003 年的 75 升，2004 年的 0 升。同时，白僵菌的重量从 2002 年的 20 公斤增加到 2004 年的 80 公斤。收割工人提高了消除潜力的效率。咖啡浆果蛀虫繁殖地（2004 年每棵树仅留下 6.5 个成熟浆果，低于 2002 年的 22.2 个）。羊皮纸咖啡豆的质量有所提高（虫害2002年为2.3%，2003年为1.7%，2004年为0.7%），而同期作为高品质“精品”咖啡出售的收获比例从50%增加到86%。
Efforts to implement an integrated pest management (IPM) program for coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) in a 110-ha coffee plantation in the Huila region of Colombia are discussed. Hands-on training was provided for farm staff and harvest workers managing production in >80 coffee lots. Participants attended workshops describing pest management strategies, based on prior research and recommendations of the National Coffee Research Center in Colombia (Cenicafe). The training program focused on cultural practices, i.e., efficient harvesting of mature berries to eliminate coffee berry borer habitats, along with establishing a comprehensive monitoring program to reduce chemical insecticides and encouraging use of a biological-based insecticide. Participants implemented postharvest techniques by screening harvested berries and pulp pits to physically exclude adult coffee berry borers. The rationale was that adopting new practices would enable growers to transition away from chemical insecticides. Results over 3 yr showed widespread adoption of cultural, physical, and biological control methods. Overall, the IPM program was considered successful because problems associated with insect damage on the coffee crop decreased, despite reductions in endosulfan/chlorpyrifos use, which declined from 250 liters in 2002 to 75 liters in 2003, and 0 liters in 2004. Concurrently, Beauveria bassiana increased from 20 kg in 2002 to 80 kg in 2004. Harvest workers improved their efficiency at removing potential coffee berry borer breeding sites (leaving only 6.5 mature berries per tree in 2004, down from 22.2 in 2002). The quality of parchment coffee beans increased (insect damage was 2.3% in 2002, 1.7% in 2003, and 0.7% in 2004) whereas the proportion of the harvest sold as high quality 'specialty' coffee increased from 50% to 86% over the same period.