Starvation tolerance of newly metamorphosed abalone Haliotis discus hannai
Starvation tolerance of newly metamorphosed abalone Haliotis discus hannai
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1444-2906.2000.00186.x
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发表时间：
2000-12
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
H. Takami;Tomohiko Kawamura;Y. Yamashita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Takami;Tomohiko Kawamura;Y. Yamashita
两个批次的仔稚鱼不能恢复的饥饿期不同。在培养物I中，在第4天和之后喂食的后幼虫遭受生长和存活率降低。相比之下，在第8天之前喂食的培养物II后幼虫没有显示出饥饿对存活和生长的大影响。面盘幼虫的能量来源被认为是来自卵的卵黄储备和从海水中吸收的DOM。2-4在两个批次中观察到的饥饿耐受性的不同结果可能是由仔鱼质量的差异（例如卵黄储备）和/或用于饲养游泳仔鱼的天然海水的DOM浓度的差异引起的。需要进一步研究卵质量和DOM浓度对后期幼虫存活和生长的影响。本研究中观察到的无颗粒食物的初始生长也报告了H。rufescens 5，12和H.爱瑞丝图13新变态H.虹膜在延长的幼虫饥饿后大大减少（RobertsR，pers. comm.，1998年）。在这项研究中，饥饿10天后，大部分可见的蛋黄消失了。因此，在没有喂食的情况下，卵黄供应可以支持高达400µm SL的正常发育。后幼虫H.在孵化场缺乏食物时，500µm SL的铁饼显示出大量死亡。8在实验条件下，H.低于500µm SL的铁饼在喂食不合适的食物来源时死亡。14根据这些先前的发现和本研究的结果，在培养物I中观察到较高的死亡率;从第4天开始喂养的个体在饲养结束时（第19天）显示出超过50%的死亡率。从第9天开始喂食的所有个体均在第14天前死亡。相反，对于培养物II的后期幼虫，即使从第5天开始喂食的个体也表现出积极的摄食行为，并且它们中的约80%存活到实验结束（第18天）。在实验结束时，从第8天开始喂养的后期幼虫的存活率显示为39.0±10.3%（平均值±SE）。从第12天开始喂食的个体在第13天后显示出高死亡率，并且在第18天前全部死亡。从第0天开始的4-5天内，不喂食的后期幼虫从280-300µm SL（幼虫壳长）生长至约400µm（图2）。从培养物I的第4天和第6天喂养的后期幼虫显示出比对照（从第0天喂养）显著更低的生长速率（图2; Tukey-Kramer HSD-test，P< 0.05）。从第9天开始喂食的个体在提供食物后没有显著生长（方差分析，P> 0.05）。从第1天开始喂养的培养物II的个体显示出与对照相当的生长速率（Tukey-Kramer HSD-test，P> 0.05）。尽管在实验的初始阶段，从第3天或第5天开始喂食的个体显示出显著低于对照组的生长速率（Tukey-Kramer HSD-test，P< 0.05），但它们能够在首次喂食后11天内恢复并达到600µm SL。从第8天开始喂食的后期幼虫也能够在提供食物后开始生长，但它们的生长速率显著低于从第1、3和5天开始喂食的个体（Tukey-Kramer HSD-test，P< 0.05）。个人喂养，
The starvation period beyond which post-larvae could not recover was different between the two batches. In culture I, post-larvae fed on and after Day 4 suffered reduced growth and survival rates. In contrast, culture II post-larvae fed before Day 8 showed no large effect of starvation on survival and growth. The energy sources for veliger larvae are considered to be a yolk reserve derived from the egg and DOM absorbed from seawater. 2–4 The different results in the starvation tolerance observed in the two batches could be caused by difference in quality of larvae such as yolk reserves, and/or difference in the DOM concentration of the natural seawater used for the rearing of swimming larvae. Further research is needed on the egg quality and DOM concentration affecting post-larval survival and growth. The initial growth without particulate food observed in this study was also reported for H. rufescens5, 12 and H. iris. 13 The visible yolk area of newly metamorphosed H. iris was greatly reduced during extended post-larval starvation (Roberts R, pers. comm., 1998). In this study, much of the visible yolk had disappeared after 10 days of starvation. Thus, normal development up to 400µm SL without feeding could be supported by the yolk supply. Post-larval H. discus discus show massive mortality by the size of 500µm SL when they lack food in hatcheries. 8 Under experimental conditions, H. discus hannailess than 500µm SL died when fed an unsuitable food source. 14 From these previous findings and the results of this study, higher mortality was observed in culture I; individuals fed from Day 4 showed more than 50% mortality at the end of rearing (Day 19). All individuals fed from Day 9 died before Day 14. In contrast, for the post-larvae of culture II, even individuals fed from Day 5 showed active feeding behavior, and about 80% of them survived to the end of the experiment (Day 18). The survival rate of the post-larvae fed from Day 8 showed 39.0±10.3%(mean±SE) at the end of the experiment. The individuals fed from Day 12 showed high mortality rates after Day 13, and all died by Day 18.Post-larvae kept without food grew up to~ 400µm from 280–300µm SL (larval shell length) during 4–5 days from Day 0 (Fig. 2). The post-larvae fed from Day 4 and 6 of culture I showed significantly lower growth rates than that of the control (fed from Day 0)(Fig. 2; Tukey-Kramer HSD-test, P< 0.05). Individuals fed from Day 9 did not grow significantly after food was provided (anova, P> 0.05). Individuals of culture II fed from Day 1 showed a comparable growth rate with that of the control (Tukey-Kramer HSD-test, P> 0.05). Although individuals fed from Day 3 or 5 showed significantly lower growth rates than that of the control during initial periods of the experiment (Tukey-Kramer HSD-test, P< 0.05), they were able to recover and reach 600µm SL within 11 days after food was first given. Post-larvae fed from Day 8 were also able to start growing after food was provided, but their growth rates were significantly lower than those of individuals fed from Day 1, 3, and 5 (Tukey-Kramer HSD-test, P< 0.05). Individuals fed from