Tetrodotoxin, an Extremely Potent Marine Neurotoxin: Distribution, Toxicity, Origin and Therapeutical Uses.
Tetrodotoxin, an Extremely Potent Marine Neurotoxin: Distribution, Toxicity, Origin and Therapeutical Uses.
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DOI：
10.3390/md13106384
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发表时间：
2015-10-19
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Cabado AG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lago J;Rodríguez LP;Blanco L;Vieites JM;Cabado AG
河豚毒素（Tetrodotoxin，TTX）是一种毒性很强的神经毒素，每年可导致许多人中毒和死亡。TTX的起源尚不清楚，但在河豚中，它似乎是由内共生细菌产生的，这些细菌似乎经常沿着食物链传递。河豚被认为是日本最美味的鱼类，食用受污染的河豚是中毒的常见途径。据报道，这种神经毒素在亚洲国家对人类健康构成威胁，由于全世界沃茨温度的升高，它已扩散到太平洋和地中海。TTX，没有已知的解毒剂，抑制钠通道在许多情况下产生心力衰竭，并因此死亡。在日本，虽然法律严格控制餐厅制作河豚，而且只有合格的厨师才允许制作河豚，但还是规定了2 mg eq TTX/kg的监管限值。由于其麻痹作用，这种神经毒素可以在医学领域用作止痛剂，治疗某些癌症疼痛。
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin responsible for many human intoxications and fatalities each year. The origin of TTX is unknown, but in the pufferfish, it seems to be produced by endosymbiotic bacteria that often seem to be passed down the food chain. The ingestion of contaminated pufferfish, considered the most delicious fish in Japan, is the usual route of toxicity. This neurotoxin, reported as a threat to human health in Asian countries, has spread to the Pacific and Mediterranean, due to the increase of temperature waters worldwide. TTX, for which there is no known antidote, inhibits sodium channel producing heart failure in many cases and consequently death. In Japan, a regulatory limit of 2 mg eq TTX/kg was established, although the restaurant preparation of “fugu” is strictly controlled by law and only chefs qualified are allowed to prepare the fish. Due to its paralysis effect, this neurotoxin could be used in the medical field as an analgesic to treat some cancer pains.