The politics of urban entrepreneurialism in Glasgow
The politics of urban entrepreneurialism in Glasgow
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DOI：
10.1016/0016-7185(94)90024-8
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发表时间：
1994-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
M. Boyle;G. Hughes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Boyle;G. Hughes
北美关于过去二十年地方国家角色变化的文献主要是从城市管理主义向城市创业主义转变的观点。与这一转变相关的是新城市政治（NUP）的出现。在政治经济框架内。 NUP 植根于转型带来的物质再分配效应。本文探讨了英国一座城市所经历的 NUP 的特征，并强调了与既定政治经济学解读的一些根本差异。我们的论点以格拉斯哥市为基础，引起人们对两个显着特征的关注。首先，格拉斯哥的城市治理制度结构与美国城市不同。在格拉斯哥，是左翼控制的地方议会精心策划了向创业主义的过渡，而不是当地资本与当地国家之间联盟的北美模式。其次，格拉斯哥转型的标志不是地方国家收入从服务提供到地方经济发展的重大转移，而是地方国家的象征性重新定位，其标志是大型地方营销标志性活动的核心重要性。这些事件以不同于传统“自我”身份的方式代表城市。因此，这一转变引起了政治反应，这种反应的重点是当地政府的象征性姿态，而不是转变的物质后果。在关注地方身份时，格拉斯哥的城市创业主义政治指出了冲突的一个维度，迄今为止，该维度在 NUP 的报道中没有得到充分的处理。
North American literature on the changing role of the local state these past two decades has been dominated by the view of a transition fromurban managerialismtourban entrepreneurialism. Associated with the transition has been the emergence of aNew Urban Politics(NUP). Within a political economy framework. the NUP has been rooted in the material redistributive effects of the transition. This paper explores the character of this NUP, as experienced by one British city, and highlights some fundamental differences with the established political economy reading. Our argument, based upon the city of Glasgow, draws attention to two distinctive features. First, the institutional structure of urban governance in Glasgow differs from that of cities in the United States. In Glasgow, it has been the Left controlled local Council which has orchestrated the transition to entrepreneurialism, rather than the North American model of a coalition between local capital and the local state. Secondly, the transition in Glasgow has been marked not by a significant transfer of local state revenue from service provision to local economic development, but by a symbolic reorientation of the local state as marked by the central importance of large place marketing hallmark events. These events represent the city in ways which differ from traditional ‘self’ identities. Consequently, the transition has evoked a political response which has focused upon the symbolic posturing of the local state rather than the material consequences of the shift. In focusing upon local identity, the politics of urban entrepreneurialism in Glasgow points to a dimension of conflict which has received inadequate treatment in accounts of the NUP to date.