Phylogenetic relationships of terrestrial Australo-Papuan elapid snakes (subfamily Hydrophiinae) based on cytochrome b and 16S rRNA sequences.
Phylogenetic relationships of terrestrial Australo-Papuan elapid snakes (subfamily Hydrophiinae) based on cytochrome b and 16S rRNA sequences.
复制标题
基于细胞色素 b 和 16S rRNA 序列的陆地澳大利亚-巴布亚蛇类（Hydrophiinae 亚科）的系统发育关系。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Steve Donnellan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. S. Keogh;J. S. Keogh;Richard Shine;Steve Donnellan
尽管应用了不同的数据集，但有毒的澳大利亚-巴布亚眼镜蛇辐射之间的系统发育关系仍然很难解决。为了研究这个神秘的群体之间的系统发育关系，部分细胞色素B和16 S rRNA线粒体DNA基因进行了测序，从19的20个陆地澳大利亚属和6的7个陆地美拉尼西亚属，加上海蛇（Laticauda）和真正的海蛇（Hydrelaps）。这些数据澄清了眼镜蛇发生学中的几个重要问题。首先，美拉尼西亚的眼镜蛇与澳大利亚的物种形成姐妹群，表明澳大利亚辐射的祖先来自亚洲，而不是冈瓦纳辐射的残余。其次，海蛇的两个主要群体（海蛇和真正的海蛇）代表了对海洋环境的独立入侵。第三，胎生的澳大利亚眼镜蛇的辐射比免疫学数据显示的要古老得多。吝啬的分析无法解决澳大利亚辐射之间的关系，以前遇到的问题与其他（形态，电泳，核型，免疫学）数据集对这些物种的分析。这些数据表明，这种持续困难的原因在于物种形成事件的时间：眼镜蛇在到达澳大利亚后不久显然就经历了壮观的适应性辐射，因此即使在属内，分歧也是古老的。事实上，属内差异几乎和属间差异一样大。虽然这个时间意味着我们的序列数据不能完全解决澳大利亚眼镜蛇之间的系统发育关系，数据表明以下分支的密切关系：Pseudonaja与Oxyuranus; Ogmodon与Toxicocalamus; Demansia与Aspidomorphus; Echiopsis与Denisonia;“Notechis”谱系与Drysdalia coronoides; Rhinoplocephalus和Suta与Drysdalia coronata。至少有两个澳大利亚属（Drysdalia和Simoselaps）似乎是并系的。这些序列数据支持许多结论，早期的研究使用其他类型的数据，但额外的信息将需要之前，澳大利亚眼镜蛇的繁殖可以完全解决。
Phylogenetic relationships among the venomous Australo-Papuan elapid snake radiation remain poorly resolved, despite the application of diverse data sets. To examine phylogenetic relationships among this enigmatic group, portions of the cytochrome b and 16S rRNA mitochondrial DNA genes were sequenced from 19 of the 20 terrestrial Australian genera and 6 of the 7 terrestrial Melanesian genera, plus a sea krait (Laticauda) and a true sea snake (Hydrelaps). These data clarify several significant issues in elapid phylogeny. First, Melanesian elapids form sister groups to Australian species, indicating that the ancestors of the Australian radiation came via Asia, rather than representing a relict Gondwanan radiation. Second, the two major groups of sea snakes (sea kraits and true sea snakes) represent independent invasions of the marine environment. Third, the radiation of viviparous Australian elapids is much older than has been suggested from immunological data. Parsimony analyses were unable to resolve relationships among the Australian radiation, a problem previously encountered with analyses of other (morphological, electrophoretic, karyotypic, immunological) data sets on these species. These data suggest that the reason for this continued difficulty lies in the timing of speciation events: the elapids apparently underwent a spectacular adaptive radiation soon after reaching Australia, such that divergences are ancient even within genera. Indeed, intrageneric divergences are almost as large as intergeneric divergences. Although this timing means that our sequence data cannot fully resolve phylogenetic relationships among the Australian elapids, the data suggest a close relationship of the following clades: Pseudonaja with Oxyuranus; Ogmodon with Toxicocalamus; Demansia with Aspidomorphus; Echiopsis with Denisonia; the "Notechis" lineage with Drysdalia coronoides; and Rhinoplocephalus and Suta with Drysdalia coronata. At least two of the Australian genera (Drysdalia and Simoselaps) appear to be paraphyletic. These sequence data support many of the conclusions reached by earlier studies using other types of data, but additional information will be needed before the phylogeny of the Australian elapids can be fully resolved.