Nickel Laterite Ore Deposits: Weathered Serpentinites
Nickel Laterite Ore Deposits: Weathered Serpentinites
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DOI：
10.2113/gselements.9.2.123
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Cluzel, Dominique
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Butt, Charles R. M.;Cluzel, Dominique
红土镍矿占全球镍供应量的60%以上。它们是蛇纹岩在潮湿热带条件下强烈深层风化的产物。镍被浓缩到超过1.0重量%，并以各种二次氧化物、含水硅酸镁和蒙脱石的形式存在。矿床的形成、矿物学和品位受岩性、构造、气候和地貌的相互作用控制。大多数矿床都有多阶段的发展，随着气候和/或地形环境的变化而演变。最富的矿床（> 3wt%镍）形成于富含氧化物的风化岩隆起处，镍向下沥滤，集中在腐泥土中新形成的硅酸盐中。
Nickel laterite ores account for over 60% of global nickel supply. They are the product of intensive deep weathering of serpentinites under humid tropical conditions. Nickel is concentrated to over 1.0 wt% and is hosted in a variety of secondary oxides, hydrous Mg silicates and smectites. The formation, mineralogy and grade of the deposits are controlled by the interplay of lithology, tectonics, climate and geomorphology. Most deposits have a multi-phase development, evolving as their climatic and/or topographic environment change. The richest deposits (>3 wt% Ni) formed where oxide-rich regoliths were uplifted and Ni leached downwards to concentrate in neo-formed silicates in the saprolite.