Gut Microbiota as a Trigger for Metabolic Inflammation in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.
Gut Microbiota as a Trigger for Metabolic Inflammation in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.
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肠道微生物群是肥胖和 2 型糖尿病代谢炎症的触发因素。
DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2020.571731
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Herrema H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scheithauer TPM;Rampanelli E;Nieuwdorp M;Vallance BA;Verchere CB;van Raalte DH;Herrema H
肠道微生物群与肥胖和2型糖尿病（T2D）的发展有关。肠道微生物群如何促进T2D的潜在机制仅部分被理解。越来越清楚的是，T2D的特点是慢性低度炎症，这与胰岛素抵抗的发展有关。在这里，我们回顾了目前的证据，肠道微生物群及其产生的代谢物可能通过启动炎症反应来驱动肥胖和T2D中胰岛素抵抗的发展。首先，我们将总结这些代谢性疾病的免疫学和肠道微生物变化的主要发现。接下来，我们将详细介绍肠道微生物变化如何与低度炎症有关。最后，我们将批判性地讨论代谢疾病中肠道微生物群和免疫系统之间相互作用的临床研究。总的来说，有强有力的证据表明，肠道微生物群、宿主免疫系统和代谢三者之间的相互作用是肥胖和T2D病理生理的重要参与者。
The gut microbiota has been linked to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The underlying mechanisms as to how intestinal microbiota may contribute to T2D are only partly understood. It becomes progressively clear that T2D is characterized by a chronic state of low-grade inflammation, which has been linked to the development of insulin resistance. Here, we review the current evidence that intestinal microbiota, and the metabolites they produce, could drive the development of insulin resistance in obesity and T2D, possibly by initiating an inflammatory response. First, we will summarize major findings about immunological and gut microbial changes in these metabolic diseases. Next, we will give a detailed view on how gut microbial changes have been implicated in low-grade inflammation. Lastly, we will critically discuss clinical studies that focus on the interaction between gut microbiota and the immune system in metabolic disease. Overall, there is strong evidence that the tripartite interaction between gut microbiota, host immune system and metabolism is a critical partaker in the pathophysiology of obesity and T2D.