Global spread of hypoxia in freshwater ecosystems during the last three centuries is caused by rising local human pressure
Global spread of hypoxia in freshwater ecosystems during the last three centuries is caused by rising local human pressure
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DOI：
10.1111/gcb.13193
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Zolitschka, Bernd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jenny, Jean-Philippe;Francus, Pierre;Zolitschka, Bernd
缺氧的蔓延对水生生态系统功能和服务以及生物多样性构成威胁。然而，对湖泊生态系统的长期监测稀疏，阻碍了全球缺氧动态的重建，同时阻碍了对其原因的调查和评估这些系统的恢复能力。这项研究汇总了自公元 1700 年以来全球 365 个湖泊沉积物中记录的缺氧发生和持续时间，表明湖泊缺氧在公元 1900 年之前就开始蔓延，比沿海地区缺氧早了 70 年。这项研究还表明，人类活动和营养物质释放的增加正在导致缺氧的发生。没有发现与降水或温度变化的相关性。尽管实施了恢复计划，但没有证据表明工业化国家在 20 世纪 80 年代后恢复了氧合良好的湖泊条件。公元 1900 年之前明显建立的稳定缺氧条件凸显了营养需求不断增长的挑战，同时伴随着工业化社会全球营养排放量的增加和气候变化。
The spread of hypoxia is a threat to aquatic ecosystem functions and services as well as to biodiversity. However, sparse long-term monitoring of lake ecosystems has prevented reconstruction of global hypoxia dynamics while inhibiting investigations into its causes and assessing the resilience capacity of these systems. This study compiles the onset and duration of hypoxia recorded in sediments of 365 lakes worldwide since AD 1700, showing that lacustrine hypoxia started spreading before AD 1900, 70years prior to hypoxia in coastal zones. This study also shows that the increase of human activities and nutrient release is leading to hypoxia onset. No correlations were found with changes in precipitation or temperature. There is no evidence for a post-1980s return to well-oxygenated lacustrine conditions in industrialized countries despite the implementation of restoration programs. The apparent establishment of stable hypoxic conditions prior to AD 1900 highlights the challenges of a growing nutrient demand, accompanied by increasing global nutrient emissions of our industrialized societies, and climate change.