How Persistent and Bioavailable Are Oxygenated Deepwater Horizon Oil Transformation Products?
How Persistent and Bioavailable Are Oxygenated Deepwater Horizon Oil Transformation Products?
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.8b01001
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发表时间：
2018-07-03
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Reddy, Christopher M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aeppli, Christoph;Swarthout, Robert F.;Reddy, Christopher M.
在2010年深水地平线泄漏事件发生后，墨西哥湾漂浮的表面石油中约有一半在几天到几周内转化为含氧碳氢化合物（OxHC）。这些OxHC在近岸和海滩环境中的油/砂聚集体中持续存在多年，人们担心这些聚集体可能是有毒化合物的长期来源。然而，由于OxHC部分是一个连续的转化产物，没有很好的化学特性，它不包括在目前的石油泄漏的命运和影响模型。这对风化石油的准确环境风险评估提出了挑战。在这里，我们使用分子和批量分析技术来限制在墨西哥湾的海面和海滩上收集的风化石油样品的化学成分和环境命运。我们发现，大约50%的风化相关的饱和和芳香族化合物在这些样品中的消失是由OxHC的增加补偿。此外，我们鉴定并定量了一组含氧脂肪族化合物，它们比其假定的前体更具水溶性，疏水性更低，但仅代表了
About half of the surface oil floating on the Gulf of Mexico in the aftermath of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill was transformed into oxygenated hydrocarbons (OxHC) within days to weeks. These OxHC persist for years in oil/sand aggregates in nearshore and beach environments, and there is concern that these aggregates might represent a long-term source of toxic compounds. However, because this OxHC fraction is a continuum of transformation products that are not well chemically characterized, it is not included in current oil spill fate and effect models. This challenges an accurate environmental risk assessment of weathered oil. Here, we used molecular and bulk analytical techniques to constrain the chemical composition and environmental fate of weathered oil samples collected on the sea surface and beaches of the Gulf of Mexico. We found that approximately 50% of the weathering-related disappearance of saturated and aromatic compounds in these samples was compensated by an increase in OxHC. Furthermore, we identified and quantified a suite of oxygenated aliphatic compounds that are more water-soluble and less hydrophobic than its presumed precursors, but only represent