Eco-toxicological bioassay of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) with Photobacterium Phosphoreum T3.
Eco-toxicological bioassay of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) with Photobacterium Phosphoreum T3.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.07.024
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发表时间：
2016-11
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Wenxin Wang;Chanzhen Shi;Yan Yan-Yan;Yunfei Yang;Bin Zhou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wenxin Wang;Chanzhen Shi;Yan Yan-Yan;Yunfei Yang;Bin Zhou
利用发光细菌发光菌T3（PPT 3）作为大气细颗粒物（PM2. 5）的生物指示剂，研究了PM2. 5的生态毒性。PM2.5含有有毒化学物质，会降低光输出。于2014年3月至2015年1月在南京市采集PM2. 5样品，分析其化学组成及其生态毒性。采用PPT 3. 0对PM2. 5样品进行生态毒理学响应检测。使用Weibull拟合函数验证获得的剂量-反应曲线。根据测定的EC 50值（EC 50，抑制50%生物发光的毒物浓度），毒性顺序为：B[a]P>hexa-PCB>tetra-PCB>tri-PCB> Pb 2 +>DEHP> Cu 2 +>DBP> BDE 209> Zn 2 +> DEHP>DEP，其中B[a]P为苯并芘，PCB为多氯联苯，DEHP为邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯，DBP为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯，BDE 209为十溴二苯醚，DE 3是邻苯二甲酸二甲酯，DEP是邻苯二甲酸二乙酯。所有分析的PM2.5样品均证明对PPT 3具有弱毒性。采用PPT 3对PM2. 5中存在的有机物和重金属元素进行剂量加和评价。生物发光试验表明，PM2. 5中的金属和有机物对PM2. 5的毒性有促进作用。总的可检测的有机物（由CH_2O_3表示）表现出比总的金属（由CH_2O_3表示）稍高的毒性。相反，水溶性离子的总和（以阳离子表示）对PPT 3有利。工业区和人口密集区PM2. 5对PPT 3生物发光的抑制率最高，而居民区PM2. 5对PPT 3生物发光的抑制率最低。PM2.5样品的毒性随质量浓度、化学成分和采样位置的不同而不同。PM2.5中的化学物质，特别是有机物和金属元素，影响其生态毒性。这些数据为了解华东大部分地区大气PM2.5污染状况提供了依据。
A bioluminescent bacterium,Photobacterium phosphoreumT3(PPT3),was used as a bio-indicator for the atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) to determine the eco-toxicity of PM2.5. The PM2.5contains toxic chemicals, which reduce light output. The PM2.5samples were collected in the period from March 2014 to January 2015 in Nanjing and analyzed for the chemical composition versus their eco-toxicity. The eco-toxicological responses of each toxicant were detected in PM2.5samples with PPT3. The dose-response curves obtained were verified using the Weibull fitting function. According to the measured EC50values (EC50, the concentration of a toxicant that inhibits 50% of the bioluminescence), the toxicity sequence was: B[a]P>hexa-PCB>tetra-PCB>tri-PCB>Pb2+>DEHP>Cu2+>DBP>BDE209>Zn2+>DMP>DEP, where B[a]P is benzo(a)pyrene, PCB is polychlorinated biphenyl, DEHP is diethylhexyl phthalate, DBP is dibutyl phthalate, BDE209is decabromodiphenyl ether, DMP is dimethyl phthalate, and DEP is diethyl phthalate. All the PM2.5samples analyzed proved to be weak toxic for PPT3. The toxicity of PM2.5was assessed by the dose-addition of organic species and heavy metallic elements existing in PM2.5with PPT3. The bioluminescence test showed that the metals and organics detected in PM2.5promoted PM2.5toxicity. The total detectable organics (denoted by ΣOrs) exhibited slightly higher toxicity than the total metals (denoted by ΣMs). In contrast, the sum of water-soluble ions (denoted by ΣIons) was beneficial to PPT3. The PM2.5toxicity increased as the PM2.5trapped more organics or metallic elements from the industrial or densely populated urban areas, where the PM2.5had a high inhibition rate of bioluminescence for PPT3in contrast to the residential PM2.5samples, where the minimum inhibition rate was observed. The toxicity of PM2.5samples varied with the mass concentrations, chemical constituents, and sampling locations. The chemicals in PM2.5, especially organic species and metallic elements, affected its eco-toxicity. These data provided good understanding of the atmospheric PM2.5pollution in the large portion of the East China.