Preference and diet type affect macronutrient selection after morphine, NPY, norepinephrine, and deprivation.
Preference and diet type affect macronutrient selection after morphine, NPY, norepinephrine, and deprivation.
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偏好和饮食类型影响吗啡、NPY、去甲肾上腺素和剥夺后大量营养素的选择。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.1994.266.2.r426
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Levine,AS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Welch,CC;Grace,MK;Billington,CJ;Levine,AS
据报道，食欲促进剂吗啡、神经肽Y（NPY）和去甲肾上腺素（NE）以及剥夺可诱导对特定宏量营养素的选择：分别为脂肪、碳水化合物（CHO）、CHO和脂肪。我们利用协方差分析，以补偿基线偏好的影响，喂养诱导的六个实验程序：吗啡，神经肽Y，NE，24和48小时的食物剥夺，和慢性饮食限制。大鼠接受两种饮食方案之一：三种含有CHO、蛋白质或脂肪的常量营养素饮食（方案I）和两种高CHO或高脂肪的营养全面饮食（方案II）。在方案I中研究的所有六个实验程序之后以及在方案II中研究的NPY、NE、48小时食物剥夺和慢性饮食限制之后，基线偏好显著影响饮食选择（协变量P < 0.05）。在这两种饮食方案中，吗啡（5毫克/公斤）增加消耗的脂肪，神经肽Y（5微克icv）增加选择的CHO，和消耗的所有饮食后NE注射（20微克icv）诱导平等。在24或48小时的食物剥夺后，在方案I中动物消耗更多的脂肪，在方案II中消耗更多的CHO饲料。限制食物摄入量的20%增加了方案I中的脂肪和蛋白质消耗，但在方案II中没有影响。饮食选择受先前偏好、喂养刺激和所呈现的饮食选择类型的影响。
The orexigenic agents morphine, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and norepinephrine (NE) and deprivation have been reported to induce selection of specific macronutrients: fat, carbohydrate (CHO), CHO, and fat, respectively. We utilized analysis of covariance to compensate for the influence of baseline preference on feeding induced by six experimental procedures: morphine, NPY, NE, 24 and 48 h food deprivation, and chronic dietary restriction. Rats received one of two dietary regimens: three macronutrient diets containing CHO, protein, or fat (regimen I) and two nutritionally complete diets that were high CHO or high fat (regimen II). Baseline preference significantly influenced dietary selection after all six experimental procedures studied in regimen I and after NPY, NE, 48 h food deprivation, and chronic dietary restriction in regimen II (covariate P < 0.05). In both dietary regimens, morphine (5 mg/kg) increased consumption of fat, NPY (5 micrograms icv) increased selection of CHO, and consumption of all diets was induced equally after NE injections (20 micrograms icv). After 24 or 48 h food deprivation, animals consumed more fat in regimen I and more CHO diet in regimen II. Restricting food intake by 20% increased fat and protein consumption in regimen I but had no effect in regimen II. Diet selection is affected by prior preference, feeding stimulus, and type of diet choice presented.