The Moral Magic of Consent
The Moral Magic of Consent
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同意的道德魔力
DOI：
10.1017/s1352325200000434
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Heidi M. Hurd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heidi M. Hurd
我们经常使用的力量，经过仔细观察，会显得非常神奇。通过纯粹的意志运用，我们可以创造出以前从未存在过的事物。只需点头，我们就能让长期以来阻碍他人行动的事物消失。而且，仅仅通过决心，我们就会制造出对他人行使自由构成重大障碍的事物。我们仅仅因为自己的决定而创造和破坏的这些事物的本质是什么？答案是：他人的权利和义务。我们通过什么看似神奇的手段来改变这些权利和义务？通过做出承诺并发出或撤销同意 当我们作出承诺时，我们为自己产生了义务；当我们给予同意时，我们为他人创造了权利。由于通过承诺和同意影响的权利和义务在很大程度上界定了允许行为的界限，因此我们对这些看似神奇的力量的行使可以极大地影响他人的生活和自由。
We regularly wield powers that, upon close scrutiny, appear remarkably magical. By sheer exercise of will, we bring into existence things that have never existed before. With but a nod, we effect the disappearance of things that have long served as barriers to the actions of others. And, by mere resolve, we generate things that pose significant obstacles to others' exercise of liberty. What is the nature of these things that we create and destroy by our mere decision to do so? The answer: the rights and obligations of others. And by what seemingly magical means do we alter these rights and obligations? By making promises and issuing or revoking consent When we make promises, we generate obligations for ourselves, and when we give consent, we create rights for others. Since the rights and obligations that are affected by means of promising and consenting largely define the boundaries of permissible action, our exercise of these seemingly magical powers can significantly affect the lives and liberties of others.